EVALUATION OF OCIMUM BASILICUM FOR ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS: IN VIVO AND IN SILICO APPROACHES
Main Article Content
Keywords
Nociceptive, cholinergic and K channel blockers, noradrenergic, docking parameters, opioidergic, pain
Abstract
Objective Pain is a major health issue. Pain has different forms. Pain affects about 30% of the global population, making it a significant public health concern.
Methods: The ethanolic seed extract was used for the in vivo trial. Assessment of the peripheral analgesic activity was conducted through the acetic acid-induced test, while the assessment of central antinociceptive activity was carried out using formalin-induced tests alongside heat-induced pain techniques, specifically the hot plate and tail immersion methods. Additionally, potential pathways involved in the analgesic effect were also investigated. Swiss ADME web server was used to predict compounds' ADME and Pyrex was used for molecular docking computational research. Key Finding: In the acetic acid-induced writhing assay, the intensity of the writhing response was diminished to the administered dose. For both phases of the formalin-induced licking test, a maximum decrease in biting time and licking. A dose-dependent response was observed in the hot plate method and tail immersion approach. Mechanism involvement was also shown significant results but, terazosin did not affect the analgesic efficacy of EEBOS. The computational analysis identified 3 phytocompounds that demonstrated favourable interactions with 1SG1 receptor protein, showing high binding affinities and meeting the docking criteria.
Conclusion: The collective results of these studies showed that O. basilicum has both central and peripheral antinociceptive activities that lend credence to its traditional medical use.
References
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3. Alalawi, A., Luque-Suarez, A., Fernandez-Sanchez, M., Tejada-Villalba, R., Navarro-Martin, R., Devecchi, V., ... & Falla, D. (2022). Perceived pain and disability but not fear of movement are associated with altered cervical kinematics in people with acute neck pain following a whiplash injury. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 62, 102633.
4. Esu, K. D., Bakare, A. O., & Owoyele, B. V. (2022). Effects of co‐administration of vitamin E and lithium chloride on chronic constriction injury‐induced neuropathy in male Wistar rats: Focus on antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory mechanisms. Pain Practice, 22(2), 148-158.
5. Cohen, S. P., Vase, L., & Hooten, W. M. (2021). Chronic pain: an update on burden, best practices, and new advances. The Lancet, 397(10289), 2082-2097.
6. Benzon, H., Rathmell, J. P., Wu, C. L., Turk, D., Argoff, C. E., & Hurley, R. W. (2022). Practical Management of Pain E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
7. Haspert, V. (2023). Improving acute pain management with emotion regulation strategies: A comparison of acceptance, distraction, and reappraisal (Doctoral dissertation, Universität Würzburg).
8. Rege, M., Størksen, I., Solli, I. F., Kalil, A., McClelland, M. M., Ten Braak, D., ... & Hundeland, P. S. (2024). The effects of a structured curriculum on preschool effectiveness: A field experiment. Journal of Human Resources, 59(2), 576-603.
9. Kasman, S. A., & Duruöz, M. T. (2019). Pain and hand function. Hand Function: A Practical Guide to Assessment, 57-72.
10. Mohammadi, M. (2019). Oxidative stress and polycystic ovary syndrome: a brief review. International journal of preventive medicine, 10(1), 86.
11. Strycharz-Dudziak, M., Fołtyn, S., Dworzański, J., Kiełczykowska, M., Malm, M., Drop, B., & Polz-Dacewicz, M. (2020). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in oropharyngeal cancer associated with EBV and HPV coinfection. Viruses, 12(9), 1008.
12. Kendroud, S., Fitzgerald, L. A., Murray, I. V., & Hanna, A. (2022). Physiology, nociceptive pathways. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
13. Middleton, S. J., Barry, A. M., Comini, M., Li, Y., Ray, P. R., Shiers, S., ... & Bennett, D. L. (2021). Studying human nociceptors: from fundamentals to clinic. Brain, 144(5), 1312-1335.
14. Nikolenko, V. N., Shelomentseva, E. M., Tsvetkova, M. M., Abdeeva, E. I., Giller, D. B., Babayeva, J. V., ... & Sinelnikov, M. Y. (2022). Nociceptors: their role in body’s defenses, tissue specific variations and anatomical update. Journal of pain research, 867-877.
15. Machado, G. C., Abdel-Shaheed, C., Underwood, M., & Day, R. O. (2021). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for musculoskeletal pain. Bmj, 372.
16. Tai, F. W. D., & McAlindon, M. E. (2021). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical Medicine, 21(2), 131-134.
17. Mehuys, E., Crombez, G., Paemeleire, K., Adriaens, E., Van Hees, T., Demarche, S., ... & Boussery, K. (2019). Self-medication with over-the-counter analgesics: a survey of patient characteristics and concerns about pain medication. The journal of pain, 20(2), 215-223.
18. Milani, D. A. Q., & Davis, D. D. (2023). Pain management medications. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
19. Bindu, S., Mazumder, S., & Bandyopadhyay, U. (2020). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and organ damage: A current perspective. Biochemical pharmacology, 180, 114147.
20. Brandão, D. O., Barata, L. E. S., & Nobre, C. A. (2022). The effects of environmental changes on plant species and forest dependent communities in the Amazon region. Forests, 13(3), 466.
21. Sarimanah, U., & Angin, M. P. (2023). Evaluation of analgesic activity of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from basil leaves (Ocimum x africanum L.) in acetic acid-induced rat models. Pharmacy Reports, 3(1), 51-51.
22. Dhama, K., Sharun, K., Gugjoo, M. B., Tiwari, R., Alagawany, M., Iqbal Yatoo, M., ... & Farag, M. R. (2023). A comprehensive review on chemical profile and pharmacological activities of Ocimum basilicum. Food Reviews International, 39(1), 119-147.
23. Al-Snafi, A. E. (2021). Chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Ocimum basilicum-A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13(2), 2997-3013.
24. Kumalasari, M. L. F., & Andiarna, F. (2020). Uji fitokimia ekstrak etanol daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L). Indonesian Journal for Health Sciences, 4(1), 39-44.
25. Hidayati, A. N. A., & Bahar, Y. (2019). Efek daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Sainteks, 15(1).
26. Panggabean, R., & Ulfa, A. M. (2021). The Hepatoprotective Effects of Basil Leaf (Ocimum sanctum L.) Extract on Paracetamol Induced Liver Damage in Male Rat. Biomedical Journal of Indonesia, 7(2), 444-450.
27. Khater, E. S., Bahnasawy, A., Abass, W., Morsy, O., El-Ghobashy, H., Shaban, Y., & Egela, M. (2021). Production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under different soilless cultures. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 12754.
28. Vázquez-Fresno, R., Rosana, A. R. R., Sajed, T., Onookome-Okome, T., Wishart, N. A., & Wishart, D. S. (2019). Herbs and spices-biomarkers of intake based on human intervention studies–a systematic review. Genes & nutrition, 14, 1-27.
29. Srivastava, S., Cahill, D. M., Conlan, X. A., & Adholeya, A. (2014). A novel in vitro whole plant system for analysis of polyphenolics and their antioxidant potential in cultivars of Ocimum basilicum. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 62(41), 10064-10075.
30. Al Abbasy, D. W., Pathare, N., Al-Sabahi, J. N., & Khan, S. A. (2015). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil isolated from Omani basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 5(8), 645-649.
31. Jermini, M., Dubois, J., Rodondi, P. Y., Zaman, K., Buclin, T., Csajka, C., ... & E. Rothuizen, L. (2019). Complementary medicine use during cancer treatment and potential herb-drug interactions from a cross-sectional study in an academic centre. Scientific reports, 9(1), 5078.
32. Obese, E., Biney, R. P., Henneh, I. T., Anokwah, D., Adakudugu, E. A., Woode, E., & Ameyaw, E. O. (2021). Antinociceptive effect of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Calotropis procera (Ait) R. Br.(Apocynaceae): possible involvement of glutamatergic, cytokines, opioidergic and adenosinergic pathways. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 278, 114261.
33. Uddin, M. M. N., Kabir, M. S. H., Hasan, M., Al Mahmud, Z., Alam Bhuiya, N. M., Ahmed, F., ... & Alam, M. S. (2018). Assessment of the antioxidant, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and anxiolytic activities of leaf extracts and fractions of Tetracera sarmentosa (L.) Vahl. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 29(1), 81-93.
34. Bhuiyan, M. M. R., Bhuiya, N. M. A., Hasan, M. N., & Nahar, U. J. (2020). In vivo and in silico evaluation of antinociceptive activities of seed extract from the Holarrhena antidysenterica plant. Heliyon, 6(5).
35. Bor, Z., Arslan, R., Bektaş, N., Pirildar, S., & Dönmez, A. A. (2012). Antinociceptive, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of Crataegus orientalis leaves. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 42(2), 315-324.
36. D'Amour, F. E., & Smith, D. L. (1941). A method for determining loss of pain sensation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 72(1), 74-79.
37. Mansouri, M. T., Naghizadeh, B., & Ghorbanzadeh, B. (2014). Involvement of opioid receptors in the systemic and peripheral antinociceptive actions of ellagic acid in the rat formalin test. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 120, 43-49.
38. Rangel, R. A., Marinho, B. G., Fernandes, P. D., de Moura, R. S., & Lessa, M. A. (2014). Pharmacological mechanisms involved in the antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine in mice. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 28(1), 104-113.
39. Andleeb, R., Ijaz, M. U., Rafique, A., Ashraf, A., Bano, N., Zafar, N., ... & Ahmedah, H. T. (2021). Biological activities of methanolic extract of aegle marmelos against HN protein of newcastle disease virus. Agronomy, 11(9), 1784.
40. Daina, A., Michielin, O., & Zoete, V. (2017). SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Scientific reports, 7(1), 42717.
41. Hasan, M. N., Bhuiya, N. M. M. A., & Hossain, M. K. (2019). In silico molecular docking, PASS prediction, and ADME/T analysis for finding novel COX-2 inhibitor from Heliotropium indicum. J. Comp. Med. Res, 10, 142-154.
42. De Souza, M. M., Pereira, M. A., Ardenghi, J. V., Mora, T. C., Bresciani, L. F., Yunes, R. A., ... & Cechinel-Filho, V. (2009). Filicene obtained from Adiantum cuneatum interacts with the cholinergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and tachykinergic systems to exert antinociceptive effect in mice. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 93(1), 40-46.
43. Ribeiro, R. A., Vale, M. L., Thomazzi, S. M., Paschoalato, A. B., Poole, S., Ferreira, S. H., & Cunha, F. Q. (2000). Involvement of resident macrophages and mast cells in the writhing nociceptive response induced by zymosan and acetic acid in mice. European journal of pharmacology, 387(1), 111-118.
44. Vogel, H. G., & Vogel, W. H. (1998). Drug discovery and evaluation. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 52(1), 47-47.
45. Ikeda, Y., Ueno, A., Naraba, H., & Oh-Ishi, S. (2001). Involvement of vanilloid receptor VR1 and prostanoids in the acid-induced writhing responses of mice. Life sciences, 69(24), 2911-2919.
46. Deraedt, R., Jouquey, S., Delevallée, F., & Flahaut, M. (1980). Release of prostaglandins E and F in an algogenic reaction and its inhibition. European journal of pharmacology, 61(1), 17-24.
47. Reeve, A. J., & Dickenson, A. H. (1995). The roles of spinal adenosine receptors in the control of acute and more persistent nociceptive responses of dorsal horn neurones in the anaesthetized rat. British journal of pharmacology, 116(4), 2221-2228.
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Sep 28, 2024
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EVALUATION OF OCIMUM BASILICUM FOR ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS: IN VIVO AND IN SILICO APPROACHES. (2024). Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(9), 2036-2047. https://doi.org/10.53555/strc0k45
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Author Biographies
Nimrah Zafar
Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, PakistanShabana Naz
Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, PakistanAzhar Rafique
Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
Asma Ashraf
Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
How to Cite
EVALUATION OF OCIMUM BASILICUM FOR ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS: IN VIVO AND IN SILICO APPROACHES. (2024). Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(9), 2036-2047. https://doi.org/10.53555/strc0k45