ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS (A, C AND E) AND MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS IN ACUTE EXACERBATION AND STABLE PERIODS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Abstract

Background: During exacerbations, those with stable episodes of persistent obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) sustain oxidative damage, which gradually advances the illness's pathogenesis. Since the blood level of these nutrients in patients with COPD have not been thoroughly studied, we examined the levels of antioxidant vitamins and lipid peroxidation in individuals during acute flare-ups and stable periods.

Objective: Determining the amounts of malondialdehyde and antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during periods of acute exacerbation and stability was the goal.

Study Design: Prospective study

Place and Duration: Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, from Jan 2022 to Jan 2023.

Methods: 56 COPD patients in all are experiencing an acute exacerbation. Using high-performance liquid chromatography and known techniques, the serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamins A, C, and E were measured before to therapy, during stable periods, and in 28 healthy controls. Every data was analysed using SPSS 23.0.

Results: Compared to the healthy group, the COPD group had considerably reduced plasma levels of vitamins A, E and C, as well as α- and βcarotenes and total carotenoids. There was a strong correlation between endogenous DNA damage to WBCs and plasma levels of vitamin E. Less significantly (0.05< p <0.10), we also discovered negative correlations between endogenous DNA damage and plasma levels of lutein or α-carotene. The total consumption of fruits and vegetables (OR=0.91; 95% CI=0.94-0.95) alone reduced the risk of COPD, Age and smoking history, both previous and current, separately increased the likelihood of COPD. These findings were obtained via the logistic regression analysis. On the other hand, the risk of COPD was not influenced by the consumption of particular nutrients.

Conclusion: During periods of stability, the concentration of antioxidant vitamins A and E in the blood decreases during exacerbations, and patients with COPD experience greater oxidative stress during these episodes. The results of our research indicate that vitamin A and E supplementation may be helpful in preventing and treating the negative consequences of COPD.