Pulmonary function test prior and post CABG in smoking adults
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Keywords
CABG, pulmonary function, respiratory complications, Cigarette smoking
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a relatively safe and commonly performed cardiac operation with most recent studies quoting a mortality of 0.6–3.0%.
Aim: To assess early changes in lung volumes by pulmonary function tests before and following CABG in smoking adults and to identify: how sex, age and diabetes might influence these changes.
Patients and methods: This prospective controlled study was conducted on 200 consecutive patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass surgery. Emergency patients and those who underwent a valve operation in addition to a CABG operation were not included in the study.
Results: According to operation data, the cardiopulmonary bypass time was 98.89 (±25.14 SD) with a range (of 59-141) minutes, the mean cardiac ischemic time was 67.8 (±26.6 SD) with range (25-127) minutes, the meantime in the ICU time was 53.54 (±27.98 SD) with range (4-102) hours, according to cardioplegia there were 13 (6.5%) cold and the rest were warm and according to topical cooling there were 13 (6.5%) with ice slush. There was a high statistically significant difference between Pre- and Post-operative pulmonary function tests.
Conclusion: Cigarette smoking negatively impacts pulmonary functions, leading to obstructive and restrictive respiratory issues postoperatively. Preoperative evaluation of the pulmonary status of patients with a history of smoking who are scheduled for elective revascularization surgery is important, and smoking cessation should be strongly encouraged performed preoperatively as early as possible to minimize postoperative respiratory complications
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