CHALLENGES OF THE THINK TANK: A CASE STUDY OF IRAN
Main Article Content
Keywords
think tank, challenge, fuzzy Delphi, Iran
Abstract
The United Nations promotes the think tank as a bridge between knowledge and power. The purpose of this research is to "investigate the challenges of Iran's think tanks in 1402". In terms of research design and in terms of data collection, this research is non-experimental and descriptive (survey), and in terms of purpose, it is applied and developmental, and in terms of research method, it is quantitative and qualitative and was conducted using the fuzzy Delphi method. The statistical population of this research is experts in the field of Iranian think tanks. According to the nature of the fuzzy Delphi method and using the purposeful and cluster sampling method, 15 people with experience and opinion in the think tank field were selected. The process of implementing fuzzy Delphi method was done in three stages. The practical tool of data collection is a structured and semi-structured questionnaire, and the analysis of the data by Baroosh Delfi Fazi showed that Iran's think tanks are facing eleven main challenges, which are: 1- Lack of theoretical knowledge in the field of think tank concept 2- Lack of suitable financial resources 3-Lack of suitable human resources 4-Weakness of think tanks in communicating and introducing their activities to the general public 5-Lack of a suitable organizational client for the idea 6-Lack of necessary training in the field of thinking and thought 7-Defective structure of the organization that does not have the possibility of accepting transformative ideas 8- The feeling of elitism in senior managers and inattention to ideas 9- Inability to direct and make decisive policies 10- Not having a clear strategy 11- The lack of real need of senior managers for thinking room
References
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42. Stone, Diane. 2000. The Changing Think Tank Landscape, Global Society, 14(2):149-152. Retrieved from www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13600820050008412
43. Stone, D. 1996. Capturing the Political Imagination. Think Tanks and the Policy Process. London: Frank Cass.
44. Stone,Diane. 2001. Think Tank Transnationalisation and Non-Profit Analysis, Advice and Advocacy, Global Society 14 (2):153-172, Retrieved from www.eldis.org/fulltext/thinktank.pd f
45. Stone(2), D. 2001. Think Tanks, Global Lesson-Drawing and Networking Social Policy Ideas. Global Social Policy.1(3):338-360
46. Stone, D. 2007. Recycling Bins, Garbage Cans or Think Tanks? Three Myths Regarding Policy Analysis Institutes. Public Administration,85(2):259-278. Retrieved from http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1798/1/WRAP_Stone_PA_Garbage_Bins_2.pdf
47. Stone, D., Denham, & Garnet. 1998. Think Tanks Across Nations: A Comparative Approach. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press.
48. Stone, D., & Denham, A. 2004. Think Tank Traditions - Policy research and the politics of ideas. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
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51. Sarmad, Zohreh, Bazargan, Abbas, Hijazi, Elah, (2012), Research methods in behavioral sciences, Age Publishing, Tehran.
52. Saree al-Qalam, Mahmoud, (2012), Iran's Political Culture, third edition, Farzan Publishing House, Tehran.
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54. The American Heritage Dictionary,(15th ed.) .2016. Boston: Houghton Mifflin
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57. Wrobel ,Ralph .2014. South Korea’s Reunification Think Tanks: The Development of a Marketplace for Ideas, The German Journal on Contemporary Asia,3 :5-24. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/103202/1/131_ASIEN_Wrobel.pdf
58. Weaver, K. R. 1989. The Changing World of Think Tanks. PS: Political Science and Politics, 22(3): 563–578.
59. Weiss, Carol. 1992. Helping Government Think, in Organizations for Policy Analysis :Helping Government Think, , Newbury Park : Sage
60. https://iranthinktanks.com/interview-habib-zafarian/
61. https://iranthinktanks.com/interview-mehdi-kharratian2/
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63. https://iranthinktanks.com/challenges-of-think-tanks-in-the-21st-century/2021
2. Ahmad, Mahmood, Bakhsh Baloch Qadar .2009 .BEHIND THE SCENE:The Contributions of Think Tanks in U.S.. The Dialogue, 2(2):100-115 Retrieved from: .www.qurtuba.edu.pk/thedialogue/The%20Dialogue/2_2/4_M_Ahmad.pdf
3. Boucher, Stephen. 2004. Europe and its think tanks:a promise to be fulfilled. An analysis of think tanks specialised in European policy issues in the nlarged European Union Studies and Research. Retrieved from: Available:www.thinktankdirectory.org/.../Boucher_2006_Europe-and-its-Think-Tanks.pdf
4. Chance, Alek. 2016. Think Tanks in the United States Activities, Agendas, and Influence, Institute for China-America Studies. Retrieved from: www.chinaus-icas.org
5. De Bono, Edward. 2008. Course in Thinking (Marjan, Farji. Trans) Tehran: Javenehroshd .(orginal work published 1982).
6. Dickson, P. 1972. Think tanks. New York: Ballatine.
7. Ediani, Seyed Younes, (2012), Fundamental Logic of Thought, Tehran, Naqsh Jahan.
8. Ediani, Seyed Younes, (2012), Centers of Thought, Basic Governmental Studies Office, subject code 330, serial number 13474, Islamic Council Research Center.
9. Ediani, Seyed Younes, (2013), Principles of Human Thought, Tehran, Naqsh Jahan.
10. Goodman, J. C. 2005. What is a Think Tank? ,National Center for Policy Analysis (NCPA). December 20 :1-38. Retrieved from: https://www.atlasnetwork.org/assets/uploads/misc/chapter-3-what-is-athink-tank-goodman.pdf
11. Hart, p., Vroman, a. 2008. A New Era for Think Tanks in Public Policy? International Trends, Australian Realities, The Australian Journal of public Administration, 67(2):135-148.
12. Heydarpour, Afshin, Bayat, Qudsipour, (2013), Centers of Thought and Civil Society, University of Pennsylvania, Basic Governmental Studies Office, subject code 330, serial number 13665, Islamic Council Research Center.
13. Habibi, Arash, Izdiar, Sadiqeh, Serafrazi, Azam, (2013), Fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making, Gil inscription, Rasht.
14. Jaberi, Taleb, (2013), Centers of German Thought, Basic Governmental Studies Office, subject code 330, serial number 14347, Islamic Council Research Center.
15. Koellner, Patrick. 2013. Think Tanks:The Quest to Define and to Rank Them, The GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Retrieved from: www.giga-hamburg.de/giga-focus
16. Khoi, Seyyed Mohammad, (2013), Centers of Japanese Thought, Basic Government Studies Office, subject code 330, serial number 14187, Islamic Council Research Center.
17. Lajordi, Samaneh, (2018), management of the center of thinking in the field of public policy, Tehran, Culture Research Office.
18. McGann, James G. 2016. Think tanks and Civil Societies Program(2015 Global Go To Think Tank
19. Index Report), Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=think_tanks
20. McGann, James G. 2019. Think tanks and Civil Societies Program(2019 Global Go To Think Tank
21. Index Report), Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=think_tanks
22. McGann, J. G., & Weaver, R. K. (Eds.). 2002. Think tanks and civil societies: catalysts for ideas and action. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
23. McGanne, J. G. , Boucher, S. 2004. Thinks Tanks in Europe and us: converging or Direging?, Proceedings from Seminar organised in Paris, December 13, 2004. Retrieved from hettp:// www.notre-europe,asso.fr.
24. Medvetz, T. 2008. Think Tanks as an Emergent Field. New York: Social Science Research Council, Retrieved from C:\Users\asus\Downloads\Documents\Medvetz.2008.Think+Tanks+as+an+Emergent+Field.pdf
25. Medvetz, T. 2012. Think Tanks in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
26. Merriam-Webster's Dictionary. 1994. Massachusetts: of Springfield.
27. Oxford English Dictionary. 2016. NewYork: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://www.oed.com/
28. Mohammadzadeh, Luqman, Qalipour, Mohammad, (2014), Fuzzy logic for management students, Tehran.
29. Mirspasi, Nasser, Toloui Ashlaqi, Abbas, Memarzadeh, Gholamreza, Pidayi, Mir Mehrdad, (2009), Designing the Excellence Model of Human Resources in Iran's Government Organizations Using the Fuzzy Delphi Technique, Management Research Magazine No. 87, Winter 2010
30. Paul Ickson.1972. Think tanks. New York: Ballatine.
31. Pautz, H. 2011. Revisiting the think-tank phenomenon. Public Policy and Administration, 26(4):419-435. Retrieved from
32. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258179679_Revisiting_the_think-tank_phenomenon
33. Puhan, Tatjana-Xenia .2008. Balancing Exploration and Exploitation by Creating Organizational Think thanks. Springer Science & Business Media: Hamburg.
34. Pishgah Hadian, Hamid, (2013), Getting to know the RAND Foundation, Office of Basic Governmental Studies, subject code 330, serial number 13665, Islamic Council Research Center.
35. Rahdari, Alireza, (2013), Ataq Fekar in 10 steps (4th edition), Nazari, Tehran.
36. Rich, A. 2004.Think tanks, public policy, and the politics of expertise. New York: Cambridge University Press.
37. Rudolf, Traub-Merz. 2011. Do We Need More and More Think Tanks?, Shanghai: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Shanghai Officei,1 :4-7. Retrieved from www.library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/china/08564.pd
38. Rudolf Speth.2011.THINK TANKS AS NEW CHANNELS OF INFLUENCEWITHIN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF GERMANY, ?, Shanghai: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Shanghai Officei 1:55-60. . Retrieved from
39. www.library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/china/08564.pd
40. Sherrington, Philippa.2000 .Shaping the Policy Agenda : Think Tank Activity in the European Union.14(2) 173-179
41. Smith, J. A. 1991. The idea brokers: Think tanks and the rise of the new policy elite. New York: The Free Press.
42. Stone, Diane. 2000. The Changing Think Tank Landscape, Global Society, 14(2):149-152. Retrieved from www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13600820050008412
43. Stone, D. 1996. Capturing the Political Imagination. Think Tanks and the Policy Process. London: Frank Cass.
44. Stone,Diane. 2001. Think Tank Transnationalisation and Non-Profit Analysis, Advice and Advocacy, Global Society 14 (2):153-172, Retrieved from www.eldis.org/fulltext/thinktank.pd f
45. Stone(2), D. 2001. Think Tanks, Global Lesson-Drawing and Networking Social Policy Ideas. Global Social Policy.1(3):338-360
46. Stone, D. 2007. Recycling Bins, Garbage Cans or Think Tanks? Three Myths Regarding Policy Analysis Institutes. Public Administration,85(2):259-278. Retrieved from http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1798/1/WRAP_Stone_PA_Garbage_Bins_2.pdf
47. Stone, D., Denham, & Garnet. 1998. Think Tanks Across Nations: A Comparative Approach. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press.
48. Stone, D., & Denham, A. 2004. Think Tank Traditions - Policy research and the politics of ideas. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
49. Struky Raymond, J. 2006. Manging Think thanks, Practical Guidance For Moturing Organizations, Budapest:The Urban Institut. Retrieved from
50. http://www.resultsfordevelopment.org/sites/resultsfordevelopment.org/files/Managing%20Think%20Tanks%20(Second%20edition).pdf
51. Sarmad, Zohreh, Bazargan, Abbas, Hijazi, Elah, (2012), Research methods in behavioral sciences, Age Publishing, Tehran.
52. Saree al-Qalam, Mahmoud, (2012), Iran's Political Culture, third edition, Farzan Publishing House, Tehran.
53. Sohri, Abbas, Qureshi, Hamidreza, Guidance for the compilation of dissertations and academic theses (from theory to practice), Yastroun, Tehran
54. The American Heritage Dictionary,(15th ed.) .2016. Boston: Houghton Mifflin
55. THINK TANK STATE OF THE SECTOR ,2023, Retrieved from https://iranthinktanks.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/ThinkTank-Sector-Of-The-Sector-2023-OnThinkTanks.pdf
56. Thunert, M. W. 2006. “The Development and Significance of Think Thanks in Germany”, German Plolicy Studies, 3(2):185-221. Retrieved from https://fas.org/irp/dni/osc/german-think.pdf
57. Wrobel ,Ralph .2014. South Korea’s Reunification Think Tanks: The Development of a Marketplace for Ideas, The German Journal on Contemporary Asia,3 :5-24. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/103202/1/131_ASIEN_Wrobel.pdf
58. Weaver, K. R. 1989. The Changing World of Think Tanks. PS: Political Science and Politics, 22(3): 563–578.
59. Weiss, Carol. 1992. Helping Government Think, in Organizations for Policy Analysis :Helping Government Think, , Newbury Park : Sage
60. https://iranthinktanks.com/interview-habib-zafarian/
61. https://iranthinktanks.com/interview-mehdi-kharratian2/
62. https://iranthinktanks.com/emergence-of-new-challenges-and-the-need-to-redefine-the-concept-of-think-tanks/
63. https://iranthinktanks.com/challenges-of-think-tanks-in-the-21st-century/2021
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Published
May 21, 2024
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How to Cite
Alireza Rahdari. (2024). CHALLENGES OF THE THINK TANK: A CASE STUDY OF IRAN. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(5), 1164–1185. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i5.6296
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Author Biography
Alireza Rahdari
Department of Management, Faculty of Management, North Tehran Azad University, Tehran, Iran. (Orchid 0009-0001-2175-6822)