IMPACT OF GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATIONS ON NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SEA BUCKTHORN IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN
Main Article Content
Keywords
Unsaturated fatty acids, Essential amino acids, Fibers, Total phenolic content
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophaė rhamnoides L.), an ancient crop with modern virtues has recently gained worldwide attention, mainly for its nutritional and medicinal value. Nowadays, more attention has been given to medicinal plants and natural food sources due to their nutraceutical properties, presence of bioactive constituents and associated health claims. In this scenario, Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), has shown promising results as a natural curative agent for several diseases. The present project has been designed to evaluate the impact of different geographical locations of Northern Pakistan (Khaplu, Shigar, Gilgit and Ghizar) on the nutritional significance and antioxidant potential of sea buckthorn components (seed, berry and whole berry). The compositional analysis of sea buckthorn components revealed that the berry's dominant minerals were potassium, iron and sodium, while the seed's content of calcium magnesium and iron was higher. All the components of sea buckthorn also contained appreciable quantity of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber. Similarly, the highest amount of vitamin C and A was witnessed in berries of Khaplu and Shighar origin, respectively. The fatty acid profile revealed the highest concentration of unsaturated fatty acids in the seed portion with the dominant presence of linoleic acid and γ-linolenic acid. Essential amino acids were reported maximum in the berry portion followed by whole berry powder. The assessment of antioxidant potential revealed maximum TPC in berries from Shighar, TFC in seeds from Khaplu and antioxidant potential in berries from Khaplu.
References
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“https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/60346”
22. Dhyani D, Maikhuri R, Rao K, Kumar L, Purohit V, Sundriyal M, Saxena K (2007) Basic nutritional attributes of Hippophae rhamnoides (Seabuckthorn) populations from Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. Curr Sci.1148-1152. “https://www.jstor.org/stable/24097636”
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24. Sabir S, Maqsood H, Hayat I, Khan M, KhaliqA (2005) Elemental and nutritional analysis of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. turkestanica) berries of Pakistani origin. J Med Food. 8:518-522. “https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2005.8.518”
25. George SD, Cenkowski S (2007) Influence of harvest time on the quality of oil-based compounds in sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. ssp. sinensis) seed and fruit. J Agric Food Chem. 55(20): 8054-8061. “https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf070772f”
26. Ciesarová Z, Murkovic M, Cejpek K, Kreps F, Tobolková B, Koplík R, Belajová E, Kukurová K, Daško L Panovská Z (2020) Why is sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) so exceptional? A review. Food Res Int. 133:109170. “https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109170”
27. Gao X, Ohlander M, Jeppsson N, Björk L, Trajkovski V (2000) Changes in antioxidant effects and their relationship to phytonutrients in fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) during maturation. J Agric Food Chem. 48:1485-1490. “https://doi.org/10.1021/jf991072g”
28. Buya B, Zheng HZ, Chung SK (2012) Chemical Composition of Mongolian Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Fruits. Curr Res Agri Life Sci. 30:35-39. “https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201229665547737.page”
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30. Khan Z, Zeb A, Ihsanullah I, Qazi I (2005) Physico-chemical indices of red variety of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides). Pak J Food Sci. 15:35-40.
31. Abid H, Hussain A, Ali S (2007) Physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnodes L) oil. J Chem Soc Pak. 29:256-259.
32. Shafi N, Kanwal F, Siddique M, Ghauri E, Akram M (2008) Chemical variability of fatty acid composition of seabuckthorn berries oil from different locations by GC-FID. Biologic Sci -PJSIR. 51:250-253. “https://v2.pjsir.org/index.php/biological-sciences/article/view/682/438”
33. Dulf FV (2012) Fatty acids in berry lipids of six sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., subspecies carpatica) cultivars grown in Romania. Chem Cent J. 6:1-12. “https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1752-153X-6-106”
34. Uransanaa M, Gerel D, Jamyansan Y and Dash T (2003) Protein and amino acid composition of sea buckthorn seeds (Hippophae rhamnoides mongolica Rouse). Mong J Biol Sci. 1:85-88. “https://www.biotaxa.org/mjbs/article/view/26707”
35. Akhter P, Bhatti TY, Shafiq I, Jamil F, Nazar R, Nazir MS, Hassan SU, Hussain M and Park Y. 2023. Antioxidant activity of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) seed oil extracted using various organic solvents. Korean J Chem Eng.1-7. “https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11814-023-1453-8”
36. Ghimire B, Sharma S (2018) Nutritional security and biodiversity conservation with Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Spp. L.): an underutilized species of Himalayan. Int J Agric Biosyst Eng. 3:42-45. “http://www.aascit.org/journal/ijabe”
37. Korekar G, Dolkar P, Singh H, Srivastava RB and Stobdan T (2014) Variability and the genotypic effect on antioxidant activity, total phenolics, carotenoids and ascorbic acid content in seventeen natural population of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) from trans-Himalaya. LWT-Food Sci Technol. 55:157-162. “https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2013.09.006”
38. Piłat B, Bieniek A, Zadernowski R (2014) Chemical composition of individual morphological parts of the sea buckthorn fruit (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.). In Proceedings of the Producing Sea buckthorn of High Quality: Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Sea buckthorn. 79-82. “https://jukuri.luke.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/486036/luke-luobio_31_2015.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y#page=80”
39. Bal LM, Meda, V Naik S, Satya S (2011) Sea buckthorn berries: A potential source of valuable nutrients for nutraceuticals and cosmoceuticals. Food Res Int. 44:1718-1727. “https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.002”
2. Gâtlan AM, Gutt G (2021) Sea buckthorn in plant based diets. An analytical approach of sea buckthorn fruits composition: Nutritional value, applications, and health benefits. Int J Environ Res. Public Health. 18:8986. “https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178986”
3. Shah RK, Idate, Poorva VU (2021) Comprehensive review on sea buckthorn: Biological activity and its potential uses. Pharma Innov. 10:942-953. “https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2021.v10.i5l.6325”
4. Shah AH, Ahmed D, Sabir M, Arif S, Khaliq, Batool F (2007) Biochemical and nutritional evaluations of sea buckthorn (hyppophae rhamnoides L. Spp. Turkestanica) from different locations of Pakistan. Pak J Bot. 39:2059-2065. “https://www.pakbs.org/pjbot/PDFs/39(6)/PJB39(6)2059.pdf”
5. Nawaz MA, Khan AA, Khalid U, Buerkert, Wiehle M (2019) Superfruit in the Niche—Underutilized Sea Buckthorn in Gilgit-Baltistan. Pak Sustainability. 11:5840. “https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205840”.
6. Wang K, Xu Z, Liao X (2022) Bioactive compounds, health benefits and functional food products of sea buckthorn: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 62:6761-6782. “https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1905605”
7. Stobdan T, Korekar G, Srivastava RB (2013) Nutritional attributes and health application of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). A review. Curr. Nutr. Food Sci.. 9:151-165. “http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401311309020008”
8. Wani TA, Wani S, Ahmad M, Ahmad M, Gani A, Masoodi F (2016) Bioactive profile, health benefits and safety evaluation of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.): A review. Cogent Food Agric. 2:1128519. “https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2015.1128519”
9. AOCS (American Oil Chemists Society) (2016) Official Methods and Recommended Practices of AOCS. 10th Ed. Campaign, Illinions, USA.
10. AACC (American Association of Cereal Chemists) (2010) Approved Methods of American Association of Cereal Chemists, 11th Ed. St. Paul, MN, USA.
11. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) (2019) Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 21st Ed. AOAC International, Arlington, USA.
12. Corbu, AR, Rotaru A, Nour V (2020). Edible vegetable oils enriched with carotenoids extracted from by-products of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis): the investigation of some characteristic properties, oxidative stability and the effect on thermal behaviour. J Therm Anal Calorimet. 142:735-747. “https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08875-5”
13. Esch JR, Friend JR, Kariuki JK (2010) Determination of the vitamin C content of conventionally and organically grown fruits by cyclic voltammetry. Int J Electrochem Sci. 5:1464-1474. “https://doi.org/10.1016/S1452-3981(23)15373-9”
14. Ranjith A, Kumar KS, Venugopalan V, Arumughan C, Sawhney R and Singh V (2006) Fatty acids, tocols, and carotenoids in pulp oil of three sea buckthorn species (Hippophae rhamnoides, H. salicifolia, and H. tibetana) grown in the Indian Himalayas. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 83:359-364. “https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-006-1213-z”
15. Walsh MK, Brown RJ (2000) Use of amino acid analysis for estimating the individual concentrations of proteins in mixtures. J Chromatogr A. 891:355-360. “https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00649-X”
16. Dolkar P, Dolkar D, Angmo S, Kumar B, Stobdan T (2017) Variability in phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants in Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seed from nine trans-Himalayan natural population. J Berry Res. 7:109-116. “https://doi.org/10.3233/JBR-170149”
17. Kalita P, Tapan BK, Pal TK, Kalita R (2013) Estimation of total flavonoids content (TFC) and anti oxidant activities of methanolic whole plant extract of Biophytum sensitivum Linn. J Drug Deliv Ther. 3:33-37. “https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v3i4.546”
18. Polovka M, Šťavíková L, Hohnová B, Karásek P, Roth M (2010) Offline combination of pressurized fluid extraction and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy for antioxidant activity of grape skin extracts assessment. J Chromatogr A. 1217:7990-8000. “https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.003”
19. Steel RGD, Torrie JH. 1960. Principles and procedures of statistics. Principles and procedures of statistics.
20. Zeb A (2004) Important therapeutic uses of sea buckthorn (Hippophae): a review. J Biol Sci. 4:687-693. “https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20043193969”.
21. Zeb A, Malook I (2009) Biochemical characterization of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. spp. turkestanica) seed. Afr J Biotechnol. 8.
“https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/60346”
22. Dhyani D, Maikhuri R, Rao K, Kumar L, Purohit V, Sundriyal M, Saxena K (2007) Basic nutritional attributes of Hippophae rhamnoides (Seabuckthorn) populations from Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. Curr Sci.1148-1152. “https://www.jstor.org/stable/24097636”
23. Jaroszewska A, Biel W, Telesinski A (2018) Effect of mycorrhization and variety on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of sea buckthorn berries. J Elem.. 23. “https://doi.org/10.5601/jelem.2017.22.3.1434”
24. Sabir S, Maqsood H, Hayat I, Khan M, KhaliqA (2005) Elemental and nutritional analysis of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. turkestanica) berries of Pakistani origin. J Med Food. 8:518-522. “https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2005.8.518”
25. George SD, Cenkowski S (2007) Influence of harvest time on the quality of oil-based compounds in sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. ssp. sinensis) seed and fruit. J Agric Food Chem. 55(20): 8054-8061. “https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf070772f”
26. Ciesarová Z, Murkovic M, Cejpek K, Kreps F, Tobolková B, Koplík R, Belajová E, Kukurová K, Daško L Panovská Z (2020) Why is sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) so exceptional? A review. Food Res Int. 133:109170. “https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109170”
27. Gao X, Ohlander M, Jeppsson N, Björk L, Trajkovski V (2000) Changes in antioxidant effects and their relationship to phytonutrients in fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) during maturation. J Agric Food Chem. 48:1485-1490. “https://doi.org/10.1021/jf991072g”
28. Buya B, Zheng HZ, Chung SK (2012) Chemical Composition of Mongolian Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Fruits. Curr Res Agri Life Sci. 30:35-39. “https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201229665547737.page”
29. Nawaz MA, Khan AA, Khalid U, Buerkert A, Wiehl M (2019) Super fruit in the niche-underutilized sea buckthorn in Gilgit-Baltistan. Pak Sustainability. 11:1-18. “https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205840”
30. Khan Z, Zeb A, Ihsanullah I, Qazi I (2005) Physico-chemical indices of red variety of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides). Pak J Food Sci. 15:35-40.
31. Abid H, Hussain A, Ali S (2007) Physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnodes L) oil. J Chem Soc Pak. 29:256-259.
32. Shafi N, Kanwal F, Siddique M, Ghauri E, Akram M (2008) Chemical variability of fatty acid composition of seabuckthorn berries oil from different locations by GC-FID. Biologic Sci -PJSIR. 51:250-253. “https://v2.pjsir.org/index.php/biological-sciences/article/view/682/438”
33. Dulf FV (2012) Fatty acids in berry lipids of six sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., subspecies carpatica) cultivars grown in Romania. Chem Cent J. 6:1-12. “https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1752-153X-6-106”
34. Uransanaa M, Gerel D, Jamyansan Y and Dash T (2003) Protein and amino acid composition of sea buckthorn seeds (Hippophae rhamnoides mongolica Rouse). Mong J Biol Sci. 1:85-88. “https://www.biotaxa.org/mjbs/article/view/26707”
35. Akhter P, Bhatti TY, Shafiq I, Jamil F, Nazar R, Nazir MS, Hassan SU, Hussain M and Park Y. 2023. Antioxidant activity of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) seed oil extracted using various organic solvents. Korean J Chem Eng.1-7. “https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11814-023-1453-8”
36. Ghimire B, Sharma S (2018) Nutritional security and biodiversity conservation with Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Spp. L.): an underutilized species of Himalayan. Int J Agric Biosyst Eng. 3:42-45. “http://www.aascit.org/journal/ijabe”
37. Korekar G, Dolkar P, Singh H, Srivastava RB and Stobdan T (2014) Variability and the genotypic effect on antioxidant activity, total phenolics, carotenoids and ascorbic acid content in seventeen natural population of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) from trans-Himalaya. LWT-Food Sci Technol. 55:157-162. “https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2013.09.006”
38. Piłat B, Bieniek A, Zadernowski R (2014) Chemical composition of individual morphological parts of the sea buckthorn fruit (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.). In Proceedings of the Producing Sea buckthorn of High Quality: Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Sea buckthorn. 79-82. “https://jukuri.luke.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/486036/luke-luobio_31_2015.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y#page=80”
39. Bal LM, Meda, V Naik S, Satya S (2011) Sea buckthorn berries: A potential source of valuable nutrients for nutraceuticals and cosmoceuticals. Food Res Int. 44:1718-1727. “https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.002”
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Apr 27, 2024
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Muhammad Shoaib Aslam, Dr. Mian Kamran Sharif, Dr. Masood Sadiq Butt, & Dr. Amer Jamil. (2024). IMPACT OF GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATIONS ON NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SEA BUCKTHORN IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(4), 3778–3795. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i4.5995
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Author Biographies
Muhammad Shoaib Aslam
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Dr. Mian Kamran Sharif
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Dr. Masood Sadiq Butt
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Dr. Amer Jamil
Departmetn of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan