RISK FACTORS OF ECLAMPSIA AND ITS MATERNAL AND PERINATAL EFFECTS AT TERTIARY HOSPITAL: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.
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Abstract
Introduction: In Pakistani tertiary care institutions, eclampsia accounts for 34 percent of maternal deaths among women hospitalized for childbirth. Objective: The study aims to assess risk factors for eclampsia, its consequences on the mother during pregnancy, and its perinatal effects. Methods: The study included 167 individuals with eclampsia. Data were acquired from patients' medical records. The medical records included details on the patient's pregnancy, features, medical background, obstetrics history, being hospitalized, maternal outcomes, perinatal outcomes , and hospital care. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: During the study, 4561 women gave birth in the hospital, and 167 (3.66%) had been diagnosed with eclampsia. Four women died, resulting in a 2.39% case fatality rate. The main risk variables included young age, pre-existing medical issues, poor education, low prenatal attendance, and Nulliparity. HELLP syndrome was by far the most prevalent outcome, accounting for 19.7% of cases. Magnesium sulfate was administered to all patients. However, there was no parenteral antihypertensive treatment. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that eclampsia remains a significant danger to mother survival and poor fetal outcomes. Out of 167 cases, 68 neonates experienced favorable outcomes, and 99 fetuses had unfavorable results. Poor socioeconomic level, lack of education, and insufficient antenatal care were identified as significant risk factors for eclampsia development.
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Dr Jaweria Humayun
MBBS FCPS, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Consultant Gynaecologist, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan
Dr Wagma Viqar Afridi
Trainee Registrar, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Naseer Ullah Babar Memorial Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan
Dr Aneela Gul Shaikh
Associate Professor, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department Unit 1, Lady Willingdon Hospital Khairpur Medical College Khairpur Mirs, Pakistan
Madiha Afzal
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Rashid Latif Medical Complex Lahore, Pakistan
Dr Sajida Hassan
Senior Gynaecologist, Muhtharma Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Hospital Gulistan Town, Quetta, Pakistan
Dr Uzma Aziz
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Rashid Latif Medical Complex Lahore, Pakistan