Hypocalcemia and Hypovitaminosis D in COVID-19 Patients are Related to High Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Sclerostin Concentrations
Main Article Content
Keywords
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23, Sclerostin, hypocalcemia, hypovitaminosis D, Calcitriol, COVID-19.
Abstract
Hypocalcemia is highly prevalent among positive COVID-19 patients which can be explained by insufficient vitamin D levels detected among them. This study measures serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 and sclerostin, which cause suppression of renal 1-α hydroxylase enzyme that is responsible for vitamin D activation.
Methods
It is a case control study that includes 22 healthy controls (Group A), 22 mild/moderate SARS-CoV-2 patients (Group B), and 22 severe/critical patients (Group C). Serum levels of ionized calcium, calcitriol, parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23, and sclerostin were measured using ELISA.
Results
The lowest levels of both calcium and calcitriol were detected in group (C) and the highest levels were detected in group (A) with a significant variation between these two groups. Levels of both fibroblast growth factor 23 and sclerostin were the highest in group (C) and the lowest in group (A). Differences between all groups showed significance except the difference in sclerostin levels between group (A) and (B). Both fibroblast growth factor 23 and sclerostin levels showed significant negative correlations with calcium and calcitriol levels. A significant positive correlation was detected between sclerostin levels and fibroblast growth factor 23 levels.
Conclusion
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and sclerostin are strong indicators for COVID-19 infection severity. As they suppress renal 1-α hydroxylase enzyme, they have a crucial role in COVID-19 associated hypocalcemia through inhibition of vitamin D activation. Thus, better prognosis can be achieved by active vitamin D supplementation rather than inactive forms.
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Noheir Ashraf Ibrahem Fathy Hassan, Mahmoud R. Abdel-Fadeil, Marwa A. Abdelhameid, Asmaa A. Muhammed. (2024). Hypocalcemia and Hypovitaminosis D in COVID-19 Patients are Related to High Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Sclerostin Concentrations. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(2), 1062-1083. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i2.5345
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How to Cite
Noheir Ashraf Ibrahem Fathy Hassan, Mahmoud R. Abdel-Fadeil, Marwa A. Abdelhameid, Asmaa A. Muhammed. (2024). Hypocalcemia and Hypovitaminosis D in COVID-19 Patients are Related to High Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Sclerostin Concentrations. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(2), 1062-1083. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i2.5345