UNVEILING THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF ANEMIA’S, A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Abstract

The WHO Global Database on Anaemia for 1993–2005, covering almost half the world’s population, estimated the prevalence of anaemia worldwide at 25 per cent. Although the prevalence of anaemia is estimated at 9 per cent in countries with high development, in countries with low development the prevalence is 43 per cent. In absolute numbers anaemia affects 1.62 billion people globally with about 293 million children of preschool age, 56 million pregnant women, and 468 million non-pregnant women estimated to be anaemic. India is one of the countries with very high prevalence of anaemia in the world. Almost 58 percent of pregnant women in India are anaemic and it is estimated that anaemia is the underlying cause for 20–40 per cent of maternal deaths in India.

This study was undertaken to study clinical profile of anaemia patients in tertiary care hospital of Uttarakhand. To study the hematological profile. To establish probable etiological diagnosis wherever possible.

 This study was conducted in the Department of Internal medicine with aim of studying clinical and haematological profile of anaemia. Further it was aimed to established probable etiological diagnosis in these patients where ever possible. There were 300 patients of anaemia diagnosed clinically and confirmed haematologically with additional ancillary studies as and when required. Maximum number of cases were seen in age group of 21-30 years (20.6%) followed closely by age group 51-60 years (20.3%). Over all the number of cases were more in females (53.4%) in contrast to males (46.6%). The most common clinical presentation of all 300 patients was generalized weakness (50%) followed by fever (49.3%). Clinically pallor was seen significantly among these patients (97.6%.

The present study highlighted that the common presentation of anaemia was found to be normocytic normochromic type. It further classified them morphologically and etiologically. This would help to further analyse and work up of such patients presenting with anaemia and deciding the rational approach.