FACTORS DETERMINING HYPOCALCAEMIA AND HYPOMAGNESAEMIA FOLLOWING TOTAL THYROIDECTOMY

Abstract

Objectives: To find out the factors determining hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia following total thyroidectomy

Materials: In the years 2022–2023, this prospective cross-sectional study comprising of 80 patients was carried out at the Shaikh Zayed Hospital in Lahore. This includes every patient who had a total thyroidectomy. Information was obtained about various factors affecting serum calcium and magnesium after total thyroidectomy.

Results: The patients' average age was 39.21± 5.12 years. In 28.75% of cases, recurrent thyroid disease was discovered. The surgery took an average of 96.12 ±15.31 minutes. The average calcium levels before and after surgery were 7.8 ±3.18 mg/dl and 8.3 ±2.17 mg/dl, respectively. The average magnesium levels after surgery were 1.5 ±2.41 mg/dl. In 23 patients, central lymph node dissection was performed. According to histopathology, 41.25% of patients had malignant disease and 33.75% of patients had benign disease. Recurrent thyroid disease (p 0.001 for hypocalcemia), surgery lasting longer than 130 minutes (p 0.03 for hypocalcemia, p 0.0001 for hypomagnesemia), preoperative hypocalcemia (p 0.001 for hypocalcemia, p 0.0001 for hypomagnesemia), dissection of the central lymph nodes (p 0.03 for hypocalcemia, p 0.0001 for hypomagnesemia), and disease histopathology (p 0.03 for hypocalcaemia, p 0.001 for hypomagnesemia) are the factors that affect postoperative hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesemia.

Conclusion: Postoperative hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia are significantly correlated with preoperative hypocalcaemia, central lymph node dissection, surgery lasting longer than 130 minutes, and malignant thyroid histopathology. Recurrent thyroid disease is positively correlated with postoperative hypocalcemia. Gender and mean age have no impact on postoperative hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesemia. Postoperative hypomagnesaemia was unaffected by recurrent thyroid disease.