‘’TO STUDY ABNORMAL CEREBROPLACENTAL RATIO AND INTERVENTION IN FETUS TO PREVENT ADVERSE PERINATAL OUTCOME’’.
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Abstract
Introduction- A high-risk pregnancy carries a greater risk to the mother or her fetus than an uncomplicated pregnancy. Pregnancy places additional physical and emotional stress on a woman’s body. Health problems that occur before a woman becomes pregnant or during pregnancy may also increase the likelihood for a high-risk pregnancy. Doppler is a noninvasive method for evaluation of fetoplacental circulation without any disturbance to human pregnancy. It gives valuable information about hemodynamic situation of the fetus and is an efficient diagnostic test of fetal jeopardy that helps in management of high-risk pregnancy. Doppler ultrasound technology evaluates umbilical artery (and other fetal arteries) waveforms to assess fetal well-being in the third trimester of pregnancy.
References
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15. 14.Vyas s, Nicolaides KH, Bower S, Campbell S. middle cerebral artery flow velocity waveforms in fetal hypoxaemia. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 97: 797-803.
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17. 16.BJ, Cook CM, Giles WB Correlly A, Thompson RS. Umbilical artery flow elocity waveforms in high risk pregnancy- randomized controlled trial. Lancet 1987; 1: 188-90.
18. 17.De Bono, M Fowerdy Rd, Lifford RJ. Site of trials for evaluation of antenatal tests of fetal well being in high risk pregnancy. J perinatal Med 1990; 18:77-87.
19. Arduini D, Rizzo G. Prediction of fetal outcome in small for gestational age fetus: comparison of Doppler measurements obtained from different fetal vessels. J Perinat Med 1992; 20:29-38.
20. Fleischer A, Schuman H, Farmakides G et al. Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnant women with hypertension. Am j obstet Gynecol 1986; 154: 806-813.
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25. 24. Narendra Mallhotra, Jaideep Malhotra. Fetal growth restriction and fetal compromise: management basis and strategy. Obs & Gynae today 2005; 10 (7): 412-417.
26. Bilardo CM, Nicolaides KM, Compbell S. Doppler measurements of fetal and uteroplacental circulations: relationship with umbilical venous blood gasses measured at cordocentesis. Am J obstet Gynecol 1990; 162 (1): 115 – 20.
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28. Gill RW. Doppler ultrasound: physical aspects. semin perinatol 1987;11: 292.
29. Carroll BA, Von Romm OT. Fundamentals of current Doppler technology Ultrasound Q 1988; 6: 275.
30. Shulmen H, Fleishner A, Fermakides G, bracero C, Rochelson B, Crumfeid L. Development of uterine artery compliance in pregnancy as described by ultrasound. Am J obstet Gynecol 1986; 155: 1031-1036.
31. Fiescher A, Schulman H, Farmakides G et al. Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnant women with hypertension. Am J. obstet Gynecol 1986; 154: 806-813.
32. Campbell S, Diaz Recasen J, Griffin DR et al. New Doppler technique for assessing Utero placental flow. Lancet 1983; 1:675.
33. Wladimiroff J, Huissman T, Stewart P. Fetal and umbilical flow velocity waveforms between 10 and 16 weeks gestation: a preliminary study. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 78: 812-814.
34. Sonneson SE, Furon JC, Driblik S, Tarvik C, Lessard M, Scott A. Rrference values from Doppler velocimetry indices from fetal and placental end of umbilical artery during normal pregnancy. J C U 1993; 21:317-324.
35. Woo JS, Liang ST, Lo RL et al. Middle artery Doppler flow velocity waveforms. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 70:613.
36. Vanden Wijngaard J.A.G.W, Groenenberg I.A.L, Wladimiroff J.W et al. Cerebral Doppler ultrasound of the human fetus. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1939; 96: 845– 849
37. D. C. Dutta. Textbook of Obstetrics. 6th ed. India: New Central Book Agency P Ltd; 2004.
38. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group report on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183:S1–S22.
39. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin #29: Chronic hypertension in pregnancy. Washington, DC: ACOG; .
40. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin #33: Diagnosis and Management of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia. Washington, DC: ACOG; .
41. Dev Maulik. Fetal growth restriction: the etiology. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2006;49(2):228-35.
42. Campbell S, Thomas A. Ultrasound measurements of fetal head to abdomen circumference ratio in the assessment of growth retardation. Br J obstet Gynecol. 1977;84(3):165-74.
43. Williams obstetrics 25th edition –page no-847
44. Doubilet PM, Benson CB. Fetal growth disturbances. Semin Roentgenol. 1990;15:309-16.
45. Lockwood CJ, Weiner S. Assessment of fetal growth. Clin Perinatol. l986;13:3-35.
46. Benson CB, Doubilet PM. Fetal measurements: normal and abnormal fetal growth. In: Rumack C, Charboneau W, Wilson S, editors. Diagnostic ultrasound. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book. 1992:723-8.
47. Benson CB, Doubilet PM. Sonographic prediction of gestational age: accuracy of second and third trimester fetal measurements. Am J Roentgenol. 1991;157:1275-7.
48. Brenner WE, Edelman DA, Hendricks CH. A standard of fetal growth for the United States of America. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976;126:555-64.
49. Lubchenco LO, Hansman C, DressIer M, Boyd E. Intrauterine growth as estimated from liveborn birth-weight data at 24 to 42 weeks of gestation. Pediatrics. 1963;32:793-800.
50. Gruenwald P. Fetus and newborn: growth of the human fetus. I. Normal growth and its variation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1966;94:1112-9.
51. Thomson AM, Billewicz WZ, Hytten FE. The assessment of fetal growth. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw. 1968;75:903-16.
2. 2.Fleischer A, Schulman H, Farmakides G, Bracero L, Blattner P, Randolph G. umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms and intrauterine growth retardation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985; 151:502-5.
3. Malik R, Saxena A. Role of colour Doppler indices in the diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation in high risk pregnancies. J Obstet Gynecol India. 2013;63(1):37.
4. 4.Campbell S, Griffin D, Pearce JM. New Doppler technique for assessing uteroplacental blood flow. Lancet. 1983; 1: 675.
5. Maulik D, Mundy D, Heitmann E, Maulik D. Evidence-based approach to umbilical artery Doppler fetal surveillance in highrisk pregnancies: an update. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2010;53(4):869–78.
6. Alfirevic Z, Stampalija T, Gyte GML. Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(11):CD007529.
7. Soothill PW, Ajayi RA, Campbell S, Nicolaides KH. Prediction of morbidity in small and normally grown fetuses by fetal heart rate variability, biophysical profile score and umbilical artery Doppler studies. Brit J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993;100:742–5.
8. Alfirevic Z, Stampalija T, Medley N. Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in normal pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(4):CD001450.
9. Kok JH, Devi Ouden AL, Verloove-Venhorick SP, Brand R. Outcome of very preterm small for gestational age infants : the first nine years of life. Br J Obstet and Genecol 1989; 105: 162-168.
10. Neilson JP, Alfirevic Z. Doppler Ultrasound in high risk pregnancies In : Neison JP, Crowther CA, Hudnett CED, Hof meyr GJ, Keirse MJNC, eds Pregnancy and child birth module of the cochrone database of systematic reviews. Available in Cochrone library [data base on disk and CD rom]. Issue 3, Oxford, England: Cochrane collaboration, 1998.
11. 11.Ven den Wijngard JW, Groenenberg IL, Wladimirolb, JW, et al. Cerebral Doppler ultrasound of the fetus. Br J obstet Gynaecol 1989; 86: 845-849.
12. 12.Groenenberg IAL, Wladimiroff JW, Hop WCJ. Fetal cardiac and peripheral arterial flow velocity waveforms in intrauterine growth retardation. Circulation1989; 80: 1711-1717.
13. 13.Bilardo CM, Nicolaides KH, Campbell S. Doppler measurements of fetal and uteroplacental circulation: relationship with umbilical venous blood gases
14. measured at cordocentesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 162: 115-120.
15. 14.Vyas s, Nicolaides KH, Bower S, Campbell S. middle cerebral artery flow velocity waveforms in fetal hypoxaemia. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 97: 797-803.
16. 15.Cruz Marteniz R, Figuerers Z. the role of Doppler and placental screening.Best Prct Resc Clin Obst Gyn 2009; 23: 845-55.
17. 16.BJ, Cook CM, Giles WB Correlly A, Thompson RS. Umbilical artery flow elocity waveforms in high risk pregnancy- randomized controlled trial. Lancet 1987; 1: 188-90.
18. 17.De Bono, M Fowerdy Rd, Lifford RJ. Site of trials for evaluation of antenatal tests of fetal well being in high risk pregnancy. J perinatal Med 1990; 18:77-87.
19. Arduini D, Rizzo G. Prediction of fetal outcome in small for gestational age fetus: comparison of Doppler measurements obtained from different fetal vessels. J Perinat Med 1992; 20:29-38.
20. Fleischer A, Schuman H, Farmakides G et al. Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnant women with hypertension. Am j obstet Gynecol 1986; 154: 806-813.
21. Arduini. D, Rizzo G, Romenini C and Mancuso S. Fetal blood flow velocity wave form as predictors of growth retardation. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 70(1) : 7-10.
22. Gramellini D, Folli MC, Raboni S, Vadora E, Merialdi A. Cerebral-umbilical Doppler ratio as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 79:416-420.
23. Tekay A, Campbell S. Doppler ultrasonography in obstetrics and Gynecology 4th edn; Callen PW; WB Saunders Company; 2000: 677-718.
24. Cunninghan FG, Levono KJ, Bloom SL, Wenstrom KD, Houth JC, William obstetrics 22nd edn; MC Graw Hill; 2005: 61-64.
25. 24. Narendra Mallhotra, Jaideep Malhotra. Fetal growth restriction and fetal compromise: management basis and strategy. Obs & Gynae today 2005; 10 (7): 412-417.
26. Bilardo CM, Nicolaides KM, Compbell S. Doppler measurements of fetal and uteroplacental circulations: relationship with umbilical venous blood gasses measured at cordocentesis. Am J obstet Gynecol 1990; 162 (1): 115 – 20.
27. James A Zagzabski Physics and instrumentation in Doppler and B made ultrasonography 5th edn. Introduction to vascular ultrasonography, Zaiebal pellerito; Page 19-60.
28. Gill RW. Doppler ultrasound: physical aspects. semin perinatol 1987;11: 292.
29. Carroll BA, Von Romm OT. Fundamentals of current Doppler technology Ultrasound Q 1988; 6: 275.
30. Shulmen H, Fleishner A, Fermakides G, bracero C, Rochelson B, Crumfeid L. Development of uterine artery compliance in pregnancy as described by ultrasound. Am J obstet Gynecol 1986; 155: 1031-1036.
31. Fiescher A, Schulman H, Farmakides G et al. Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnant women with hypertension. Am J. obstet Gynecol 1986; 154: 806-813.
32. Campbell S, Diaz Recasen J, Griffin DR et al. New Doppler technique for assessing Utero placental flow. Lancet 1983; 1:675.
33. Wladimiroff J, Huissman T, Stewart P. Fetal and umbilical flow velocity waveforms between 10 and 16 weeks gestation: a preliminary study. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 78: 812-814.
34. Sonneson SE, Furon JC, Driblik S, Tarvik C, Lessard M, Scott A. Rrference values from Doppler velocimetry indices from fetal and placental end of umbilical artery during normal pregnancy. J C U 1993; 21:317-324.
35. Woo JS, Liang ST, Lo RL et al. Middle artery Doppler flow velocity waveforms. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 70:613.
36. Vanden Wijngaard J.A.G.W, Groenenberg I.A.L, Wladimiroff J.W et al. Cerebral Doppler ultrasound of the human fetus. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1939; 96: 845– 849
37. D. C. Dutta. Textbook of Obstetrics. 6th ed. India: New Central Book Agency P Ltd; 2004.
38. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group report on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183:S1–S22.
39. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin #29: Chronic hypertension in pregnancy. Washington, DC: ACOG; .
40. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin #33: Diagnosis and Management of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia. Washington, DC: ACOG; .
41. Dev Maulik. Fetal growth restriction: the etiology. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2006;49(2):228-35.
42. Campbell S, Thomas A. Ultrasound measurements of fetal head to abdomen circumference ratio in the assessment of growth retardation. Br J obstet Gynecol. 1977;84(3):165-74.
43. Williams obstetrics 25th edition –page no-847
44. Doubilet PM, Benson CB. Fetal growth disturbances. Semin Roentgenol. 1990;15:309-16.
45. Lockwood CJ, Weiner S. Assessment of fetal growth. Clin Perinatol. l986;13:3-35.
46. Benson CB, Doubilet PM. Fetal measurements: normal and abnormal fetal growth. In: Rumack C, Charboneau W, Wilson S, editors. Diagnostic ultrasound. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book. 1992:723-8.
47. Benson CB, Doubilet PM. Sonographic prediction of gestational age: accuracy of second and third trimester fetal measurements. Am J Roentgenol. 1991;157:1275-7.
48. Brenner WE, Edelman DA, Hendricks CH. A standard of fetal growth for the United States of America. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976;126:555-64.
49. Lubchenco LO, Hansman C, DressIer M, Boyd E. Intrauterine growth as estimated from liveborn birth-weight data at 24 to 42 weeks of gestation. Pediatrics. 1963;32:793-800.
50. Gruenwald P. Fetus and newborn: growth of the human fetus. I. Normal growth and its variation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1966;94:1112-9.
51. Thomson AM, Billewicz WZ, Hytten FE. The assessment of fetal growth. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw. 1968;75:903-16.
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Feb 15, 2024
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Dr. Ananya Shrivastava, Dr Shruti Shrivastava, & Dr Tanushree Aharwal. (2024). ‘’TO STUDY ABNORMAL CEREBROPLACENTAL RATIO AND INTERVENTION IN FETUS TO PREVENT ADVERSE PERINATAL OUTCOME’’. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(2), 728-739. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i2.4481
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Author Biographies
Dr. Ananya Shrivastava
MS (OBGY )DNB (OBGY) Jabalpur 482001
Dr Shruti Shrivastava
MS Obgy Jabalpur MP-24109
Dr Tanushree Aharwal
MD Paediatrics NSCB medical college Jabalpur 482002
How to Cite
Dr. Ananya Shrivastava, Dr Shruti Shrivastava, & Dr Tanushree Aharwal. (2024). ‘’TO STUDY ABNORMAL CEREBROPLACENTAL RATIO AND INTERVENTION IN FETUS TO PREVENT ADVERSE PERINATAL OUTCOME’’. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(2), 728-739. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i2.4481