UNRAVELING THE ANTIOXIDANT DILEMMA: INVESTIGATING VITAMIN EFFICACY IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION THROUGH A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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Keywords
Unraveling, Antioxidant Dilemma, Vitamin Efficacy, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Systematic Review
Abstract
Introduction: This systematic review examines oral multivitamins and multi/minerals (OMVMs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention by focusing on vitamins. Despite widespread supplement use and the global CVD burden, a consensus on OMVM efficacy remains elusive. Therefore, ambiguities arise from individual variability, diverse formulations, and uncertainties in cardiovascular health. However, vitamins having antioxidant properties are explored for their role in countering oxidative stress. The study aims to provide useful insights into vitamins, unraveling the antioxidant dilemma which helps in contribution to cardiovascular health.
Literature Review: The review underscores the lack of consensus on OMVM efficacy in CVD prevention, with over half of the U.S. population using supplements. Vitamins, including those with antioxidant properties, add complexity to the discourse. Isolated studies suggest micronutrient therapeutic effects, emphasizing the need for a thorough examination. There are differences in common dietary guidelines and usage of widespread supplements.
Materials and Methodology: The databases utilized PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and CINAHL were used for comprehensive systematic review. Inclusion criteria covered diverse populations, study designs, and cardiovascular health outcomes. Quality assessment employed recognized tools, and a narrative synthesis approach analyzed findings.
Results and Discussion: The literature review highlights ambiguity in OMVM efficacy for CVD prevention and explores antioxidant complexities, especially with vitamins. Isolated studies suggest therapeutic effects of specific micronutrients, prompting further investigation. The study contributes valuable insights to unravel the antioxidant dilemma, enhancing comprehension of vitamins in cardiovascular health.
Conclusion: Despite the global CVD burden and widespread OMVM use, this review exposes a lack of consensus on efficacy. Variability and diverse formulations hinder conclusive outcomes. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive understanding, providing insights into vitamins' role, unraveling the antioxidant dilemma, and enhancing comprehension of OMVMs in cardiovascular diseases.
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Prof. Dr. Anurag Rawat
Department of Cardiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Science Dehradun- India,
Dr. Sarwat Ali Raja
Yashfeen Education College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences
Dr. Fareeda Islam
Professor and Head of Department, Department of Pharmacology, Karachi Medical and Dental College- Pakistan,
Afifa Rehman Butt
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi- Pakistan,
Syeda Wafa Zahra Naqvi
MBBS Doctor, Rawalpindi Medical University- Pakistan,
Ehsan Ali Tariq
NCHD Doctor, Department of Paediatric, South East Tipperary University Hospital, Clomnel, County Tipperary-Ireland,
Hafiz Muhammad Fayyaz
Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan- Pakistan