BACTERIOPHAGE THERAPY IN HOSPITALS: UNVEILING THE POTENTIAL OF RIVER GANGA BACTERIOPHAGES
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Keywords
Bacteriophages, Alternatives of antibiotics, Phage therapy, Phage cocktail, Multidrug resistant, Bacterial infection
Abstract
Abstract- Bacteriophages are viruses that consume bacteria; these viruses proliferate in Ganga water and have been proven to be more efficacious in treating both acute and chronic human infections in the hospitals settings and also in certain ongoing studies. The goal of the research is to isolate new bacteriophages, which could be the most effective alternative to the antibiotics. The antibiotics have lost their effectiveness in treating bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, burns, surgical site infections, pneumonia, bed sores, and diabetic foot ulcers etc. The Ganga River is recognized to be a major source of bacteriophages. It contains a variety of bacteriophages. Numerous research institutes in India and elsewhere studied Ganga water samples taken from various ghats or sites. They discovered that one of the bacteriophages in the river Ganga has the ability to fight drug-resistant diseases in humans brought on by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Numerous studies conducted in the last few years have shown that antibiotics, such as ceftazidime, imipenem, and amikacin, are inefficient at curing infections i.e. bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics, known as antimicrobial resistance AMR, presently a huge global concern. Also, the presence of MDR, Amp-C traits and ESBL bacteria are confirmed in the water of Ganges. Therefore, there will be high chances to find bacteriophages against these resistant bacteria’s. As it presents a problem with fewer antibiotic alternatives and increased treatment costs. Certain bacterial infections have a high death and morbidity rate and are frequently persistent. Some persons with diabetes develop chronic skin sores, necessitating the amputation of affected body parts. The WHO has classified bacteriophage as a priority pathogen as well. This suggests that the development of new antimicrobial medicines needs to be given top priority. According to a review of the literature, as compared to other antibiotic medications that destroy good gut microbiota, bacteriophages in ganga water have not been shown to be side-effects.
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Ankur Kumar
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Ganesh Kumar Verma
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Avinash Bairwa
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Priyanka Singh
Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014
Nikita Deshwal
Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi-110016
Ashish Kothari
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Jitender Gairolla
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Priyanka Naithani
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Shivashish Dobhal
Department of Telemedicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Prashant Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Narayanan Mp
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203
Balram Ji Omar
Professor, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203