CORRELATION OF SERUM ALBUMIN AND CD4 COUNT AS A MARKER OF IMMUNOSUPRESSION IN PATIENT LIVING WITH HIV- A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Immunosuppression, CD4 Cell, Serum Albumin
Abstract
Background: HIV infection is still considered pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). HIV infects the vital cells of the human immune system such as helper T cells (CD4+T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. When CD4+T cells decline below a critical level cell- mediated immunity will be lost, and hence the body progressively become more susceptible to all the opportunistic infections. This study was proposed among patient living with HIV to find out correlation between serum albumin and CD4 cell count as a marker of immunosuppression.
Material & Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Medicine Department, NIMS Hospital, Jaipur between July 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023, and included HIV patients of age 18 years and above living around Jaipur.
Results: Total 102 study subjects were enrolled in this study and majority belonged to age 31-40 years (52%) and 41-50 years (36%) with male predominance (58%) over female. Most of them were presented with fever, weakness and altered bowel habits. A strong positive correlation was found with statistically significant p values of < 0.0001 & <0.00001 respectively. There is linear trend in regression analysis.
Conclusion: This study concluded that there is a positive correlation between serum albumin and CD4 cell count among patient living with HIV. Serum albumin could be used as surrogate marker of immunosuppression in HIV/AIDS patients.
References
2. Centers for disease control and prevention. 1993 revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR Recomm Rep. 1992; 41:1-19.
3. Kannangai R, Kandathil AJ, Ebenezer DL, Mathai E, Prakash AJ, Abraham OC et al. Usefulness of alternate prognostic serum and plasma markers for antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Clin Vacc Immunol. 2013; 20:154.
4. Olawumi HO, Olatunji PO. The value of serum albumin in pre-treatment assessment and monitoring of therapy in HIV/AIDS patients. HIV Med. 2006; 7:351-5
5. Gupta T, Prakash J, Acute kidney injury in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.Indian J Nephrol. 2015; 25:86-90
6. Rankin WW, Brennan S, Schell E, Laviwa J, Rankin SH. The stigma of being HIV-positive in Africa. PLoS Med. 2005;2:e247.
7. Shah S, Smith CJ, Lampe F, Youle M, Johnson MA, Phillips AN et al. Haemoglobin and albumin as markers of HIV disease progression in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: relationships with gender. HIV Med. 2007;8(1):38-45
8. Sharma SS, Jamra Y, Hawaldar S, Meshram A. Study of serum albumin as surrogate marker of immune suppression in patients living with HIV and AIDS. Int J Adv Med 2016; 3:152-6.
9. Ghate M, Deshpande S, Tripathy S, Thakur A, Rishud A, Bollinger R et al. Incidence of common opportunistic infection in HIV-infected individuals in Pune, India; analysis by stages of immunosuppression represented by CD4 counts. Intern J Infect Dis. 2009;13: e1-8.
10. Steinbrook R. Tuberculosis and HIV in India. N Engl J Med. 2007; 3:1198-9.
11. Olawuni HO, Olatunji PO. The value of serumalbumin in pre-treatment assessment and monitoring of therapy in HIV/AIDS patients. HIV Med. 2006; 7:351-5.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Dr. Nitin Mehta
Department of General Medicine, National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur
Dr. S. Banarjee.
Department of General Medicine, National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur