Role of Serum and Bile Level of Pyruvate Kinase in Diagnosis of Malignant Biliary Obstruction: Article Review

Main Article Content

Mahmoud Abdel Samad Abdel Azeim ; Walid Ahmady Abd El-Dayem ; Talaat Fathy Aly ; Mohamed Ibrahim Magdy ; Atef Gouda Hussien

Keywords

Malignant Biliary Obstruction; Diagnosis ; Pyruvate Kinase

Abstract

Malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) presents both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. It is a common problem, with as many of 70% of pancreatic cancer patients presenting with obstruction upon diagnosis. Commonly, MBO appears as painless jaundice with anorexia and weight loss as the initial sign of disease such as in the classic presentation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma or may occur during progression of malignancy. The presence of malignant biliary obstruction is typically associated with a poor 5-year survival rate of approximately 5%. Relief of the obstruction may lead to improved quality of life and extended survival. The determination of life expectancy is difficult and primarily dependent on the following factors including clinical status, metastatic disease, extent of local invasion, and use of palliative chemotherapy. Evidence supports a potential role of pyruvate kinase PKM2 in tumorigenesis. As an embryonic isoform, PKM2 is reactivated in tumors and overexpressed in multiple cancer types. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to review the significant role of pyruvate kinase in the diagnosis of malignant biliary obstruction

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