EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF TOBACCO USE ON COMPREHENSIVE BLOOD COUNT PROFILES AMONG STUDENTS AT IQRA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

Abstract

Background: The use of tobacco in any form by human being has proved to be a health hazard and its harmful effects on human health cannot be ignored. Tobacco uses have the adverse effect on CBC parameters. Tobacco smoke contains more than 4000 detectable substances, such as poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nicotine, carbon monoxide and heavy metals, which are considered powerful enzymatic inducers.

Objective: The major aim of this study is to determine the association between tobacco use and CBC parameters among the students of Iqra National University Peshawar and the frequency between cigarette, E-cigarette and snuff use on CBC parameters. The ultimate goal of this study is to provide a better understanding of the impact of tobacco use on the human body and to encourage smoking cessation for overall health benefits.

Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study consisting of 130 samples of tobacco user from the students of Iqra national university Peshawar. It was approved by ethical review committee of institute. Closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data. The blood was collected in EDTA tubes using from the students and analyze by hematology analyzer in the laboratory at Iqra national university Peshawar. Then the data was analyzed by SPSS 22 and MS EXCEL.

Result: A total of 130 samples were collected from the students. In which 14 samples using cigarettes showed low WBC count, 36 samples using cigarette 5 samples using E- cigarette and 3 samples using snuff showed high RBC count, 38 samples using cigarettes showed high HGB count, 6 samples using cigarettes show high HCT count, 5 samples using cigarettes showed high MCV count and 5 samples using cigarettes showed low MCV count 16 samples using cigarettes, 2 samples using E-cigarettes and 1 sample using snuff showed low MCH count, 21 samples using cigarettes, 4 samples using E-cigarettes and 1 sample using snuff showed low MCHC count, 31 samples using cigarettes showed low PLT count.

Conclusion: Red blood cells, haemoglobin, heamatocrit and Mean Corpuscular Volume increased, while Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration and platelets count decreased in cigarette smokers. Although the use of E-cigarette and snuff have   no significant effect on CBC parameters except Red blood cells.