A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CITRUS SINENSIS AND PUNICA GRANATUM
Main Article Content
Keywords
Ayurvedic plants, Citrus sinensis, Punica granatum, phytochemical composition, antimicrobial activity, agar well diffusion, natural antimicrobial agents
Abstract
Ayurvedic plants such as Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) and Punica granatum (pomegranate) have been used for their therapeutic properties in traditional Indian medicine. The study was conducted to asses the antimicrobial activity of chloroform and methanol extracts of Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) and Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel against various bacterial and fungal strains. The peels were collected and subjected to extraction using organic solvents. The extracts were then analyzed for phytochemical composition using qualitative screening methods. The results revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds such as coumarins, quinones, flavanones, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins in both the chloroform and methanol extracts of Citrus sinensis peel. Punica granatum peel extracts also showed similar phytochemical composition, except for the absence of cardiac glycosides in the methanol extract. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against various bacterial and fungal strains using the agar well diffusion method. The chloroform extract of Citrus sinensis peel exhibited significant activity against S. agalactiae, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, S. enterica, and A. niger. The methanol extract of Citrus sinensis peel showed activity against E. aerogenes and A. chroococcum. The chloroform extract of Punica granatum peel displayed activity against S. aureus, E. aerogenes, P.aeruginosa, and S. agalactiae, while the methanol extract exhibited activity against S. agalactiae, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, A. chroococcum, and E. aerogenes. Overall, both Citrus sinensis and Punica granatum peel extracts demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the tested strains, highlighting their potential as natural antimicrobial agents.
References
2. Al-Said FA, Opara LU, Al-Yahya RA. Physical, chemical and textural qualityattributes of pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) cultivars in Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Afr J Biotechnol.7:1294-1301 (2009).
3. Ashok Kumar, Narayani, Subanthini and Jaya kumar, “Antimicrobial Activityand Phytochemical Analysis of Citrus Fruit Peels -Utilization of Fruit Waste,” International Journal of Engineering Science and Technologyc,3(6), pp.5414-5421 (2011).
4. Burt S. (2004). Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods--a review. International journal of food microbiology, 94(3), 223–253.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022
5. Harborne, JB, Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis, New York, ChapmanandHall,3,1-150 (1998).
6. Jurenka, J. S. Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review. Alternative Medicine Review, 14(3), 277-284. (2009).
7. Kahramanoglu and S. U sanmaz, Pomegranate Production and Marketing, CRC Press Taylor & Franc is Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA, (2016).
8. Medjakovic, S., &Jungbauer, A. Pomegranate: a fruit that ameliorates metabolic syndrome. Food & function, 4(1), 19–39.(2013).https://doi.org/10.1039/c2fo30034f
9. Mercola B. What are pomegranates good for?
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2014/05/10/pomegranates.aspx.Accessed January 19,(2015).
10. Nhlanhla Maphetu, Jeremiah Oshiomame Unuofin, Nelisiwe Prenate Masuku, ChijiokeOlisah, Sogolo Lucky Lebelo. Medicinal uses, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry, and the molecular mechanisms of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) plant extracts: A review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 153,2022,113256, ISSN 0753-3322,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113256.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Dr. V.D.S. Kumari Perumalla
Assistant Professor, M.V.R Degree College, Gajuwaka, Visakhapatnam – 26
Dr. A. Veerabrahmam
Assistant Professor, St. Joseph’s College for women(A), VSP – 4
Dr. A.V. Aditya
Assistant Professor, GITAM Dental College, Rushikonda, VSP
Dr. B. Archana
Lecturer, M.V.R Degree College, Gajuwaka, Visakhapatnam – 26
Gopi. G
Lecturer, M.V.R Degree College, Gajuwaka, Visakhapatnam – 26