PREVALENCE AND TREATMENT OUTCOME OF TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS ACROSS DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS AND GENDER AT DISTRICT LAHORE: A RETROSPECTIVE APPROACH
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Abstract
Pakistan is one of the nations most plagued by tuberculosis (TB), and the incidence of TB is declining too slowly to fulfill the goal set by the End TB Strategy. Both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary forms of tuberculosis can present with symptoms like fever, chills, coughing, and weight loss. The purpose of the study was to determine the treatment outcomes and prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients diagnosed in the district Lahore. A retrospective, observational strategy was used in district Lahore, Pakistan, from January to February 2023 to gather data on patients who were diagnosed and treated between 2018 and 2022. In total, 15,567 patients with drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) residents of district Lahore were treated. The information was collected from a number of sources, such as TB registrations, treatment cards, test registries, and laboratory request forms. Tables and graphics were used to present the results of the data analysis, which was done with SPSS and Microsoft Excel. There were 15,567 participants in total, of which 98.64% were new cases and 1.36% had received prior treatment. Males were more likely than females to have tuberculosis. 2021 saw a rise in TB cases, with 2018 being the lowest number of cases ever reported. As people aged, the percentage of TB cases fell. According to the diagnostic, 20.98% of the patients had TB that was positive for pulmonary smear, while 39.41% had TB that was negative for pulmonary smear. Moreover, extra-pulmonary TB affected 39.60% of the patients. Between the study period and the end, there was a considerable increase in the annual number of patients with PCD, EP TB, and PBC diagnoses. Depending on the year and type of TB, the overall treatment success rates were 93.9% for PBC patients, 98.76% for PCD cases, and 97.85% for EP cases. Timely culture and drug susceptibility testing are crucial in limiting the establishment of drug-resistant strains of the disease, which emphasizes the significance of early disease detection. Better diagnostic procedures have the potential to increase the effectiveness of therapy and are essential to the global fight against tuberculosis.
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Amna Akhtar
Charge Nurse, Lahore General Hospital, Punjab - Pakistan
Riffat Mushtaq
Charge Nurse, Lahore General Hospital, Punjab - Pakistan
Asma Shahzadi
Charge Nurse, Lahore General Hospital, Punjab - Pakistan
Jabeen Ijaz
Charge Nurse, Mayo Hospital, Lahore - Pakistan
Munazza Rashid
Nursing Supervisor, Ittefaq Hospital, Lahore - Pakistan
Nadeem Masih
Sr. Nursing Instructor, Aligarh College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan