PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF EPILEPTOGENESIS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Main Article Content
Keywords
Epileptogenesis, Epilepsy, Neurotransmitters, Pathophysiology, Signaling
Abstract
There are several neurological disorders that can cause recurrent seizures. Epilepsy is one of them, and is characterized by a persistent predisposition to seizures caused by abnormal neuronal activity in the brain. The relative imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters may result in epileptic seizures. Pathogenesis of epilepsy can be influenced by changes in the expression of receptors and ion channels regulated by neurotransmitters. A neurotransmitter metabolism error affects the synthesis, breakdown, transport or the cofactors of neurotransmitters. The impairment of neuronal receptors, intracellular signaling, vesicle release, or other synaptic abnormalities can also cause neurotransmitter dysfunction. The main clinical hallmark of some diseases is epilepsy. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to describe the epileptogenic mechanisms as well as the implications arising from mutations in neurotransmitter-mediated receptors and ion channels in epilepsy.
References
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22. Gasparini, S., Ferlazzo, E., Sueri, C., Cianci, V., Ascoli, M., Cavalli, S. M., ...& Epilepsy Study Group of the Italian Neurological Society. (2019). Hypertension, seizures, and epilepsy: a review on pathophysiology and management. Neurological Sciences, 40, 1775-1783.
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28. Korotkov, A., Broekaart, D. W., Banchaewa, L., Pustjens, B., van Scheppingen, J., Anink, J. J., ... &Aronica, E. (2020). microRNA‐132 is overexpressed in glia in temporal lobe epilepsy and reduces the expression of pro‐epileptogenic factors in human cultured astrocytes. Glia, 68(1), 60-75.
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31. Lang, J. D., &Hamer, H. M. (2022). Epidemiology of epilepsy in old age–English Version. ZeitschriftfürEpileptologie, 1-4.
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35. Meng, F., & Yao, L. (2020). The role of inflammation in epileptogenesis . ActaEpileptologica, 2(1), 1-19.
36. Moore, J. L., Carvalho, D. Z., St Louis, E. K., &Bazil, C. (2021). Sleep and epilepsy: a focused review of pathophysiology, clinical syndromes, co-morbidities, and therapy. Neurotherapeutics, 18, 170-180.
37. Needs, H. I., Henley, B. S., Cavallo, D., Gurung, S., Modebadze, T., Woodhall, G., & Henley, J. M. (2019). Changes in excitatory and inhibitory receptor expression and network activity during induction and establishment of epilepsy in the rat Reduced Intensity Status Epilepticus (RISE) model. Neuropharmacology, 158, 107728.
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Dec 18, 2022
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Sachin Gulia, Vipin kumar, Megha Thakur, & Dr Ashwani Kumar. (2022). PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF EPILEPTOGENESIS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 29(04), 747–757. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v29i04.3178
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Author Biographies
Sachin Gulia
Research Scholar- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak
Vipin kumar
Ph.D Scholar- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul kangri Deemed to be University Haridwar
Megha Thakur
Research Scholar- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak
Dr Ashwani Kumar
Assitant professor - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul kangri Deemed to be University Haridwar