ANTIBIOTICS PRESCRIPTIONS AND OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND UNCONTROLLED DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Introduction: Infectious diseases, in their various forms, continue to pose significant public health challenges worldwide. These conditions often require the use of antibiotics, which are instrumental in treating bacterial infections and mitigating the associated risks.Objectives: The basic aim of the study is to find the association of antibiotics prescriptions and outcomes in patients with infectious disease and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.Material and methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar during January 2023 to July 2023. Data was collected from 220 patients. Data on patient age, gender, ethnicity, and duration of diabetes were extracted from electronic health records (EHRs).Results: Data was collected from 220 patients from both genders. The mean age of the patients was 57.4 ± 9.2 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.7±3.1 years. The most prevalent infectious diseases observed were respiratory tract infections (34.5%), followed by urinary tract infections (28.2%) and skin and soft tissue infections (19.1%). In terms of disease severity, 53.6% of patients presented with moderate to severe infections.Patients receiving guideline-adherent antibiotic therapy were more likely to experience a favorable treatment response (OR = 2.14, p = 0.005) and fewer complications (OR = 0.38, p = 0.026).Conclusion: It is concluded that guideline-adherent antibiotic therapy is associated with improved treatment responses and reduced complications. These findings underscore the pivotal role of evidence-based antibiotic selection in optimizing outcomes for this vulnerable patient population.