DIAGNOSIS OF GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH SARS-COV-2 INFECTION
Main Article Content
Keywords
COVID-19, GBS, SARS-CoV-2, Guillain Barré syndrome, polyradiculoneuropathy
Abstract
The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 infection has left a large number of sequelae in different organs and tissues, these sequelae not only occurred in the respiratory system, complications were also identified in the nervous system. The increase in cases of Guillain Barré syndrome during the emerging pandemic in 2020 gave rise to the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 is a trigger for neurological manifestations.
Neurological clinical manifestations of the autoimmune type were reported, among which it was reported about patients with GBS linked to SARS-CoV-2. GBS is a polyneuropathy that affects the myelin sheath of the nerves, which is why it is considered demyelinating and has been related to infectious processes of viral and bacterial etiology, so it is possible that COVID-19 participates as a causative agent.
Therefore, it seeks to collect information regarding the association between GBS and the SARS-CoV-2 virus as well as its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
Key words: , , , , .
References
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21. Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol [Internet]. 2020 [cited 30 April 2023];92(6):552-5. Available in: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.25728
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27. de Medeiros KS, de Araujo Macedo LT, de Souza WF, Sarmento AC, Ferreira Costa AP, Goncalves AK. Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a scoping review. Rev Assoc Med Bras [Internet]. 2021 [cited 26 November 2022];67(2):318-34. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000686262400029
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29. Canavero I, Ravaglia S, Valentino F, Micieli G. Guillain Barre syndrome and myelitis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neurosci Lett [Internet]. August 10, 2021 [cited November 26, 2022];759:136040. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000664764000002
30. Fokke C, van den Berg B, Drenthen J, Walgaard C, van Doorn PA, Jacobs BC. Diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome and validation of Brighton criteria. Brain J Neurol. 2014 Jan;137(Pt 1):33-43.
31. Soltani Zangbar H, Gorji A, Ghadiri T. A Review on the Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19 Infection: a Mechanistic View. Mol Neurobiol. 2021;58(2):536-49.
32. Raoult D, Zumla A, Locatelli F, Ippolito G, Kroemer G. Coronavirus infections: Epidemiological, clinical and immunological features and hypotheses. Cell Stress. 2020;4(4):66-75.
33. Alberti P, Beretta S, Piatti M, Karantzoulis A, Piatti ML, Santoro P, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome related to COVID-19 infection. Neurol Neuroimmunol NeuroInflammation. 2020;7(4).
34. Of Sanctis P, Doneddu PE, Vigano L, Selmi C, Nobile-Orazio E. Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A systematic review. Eur J Neurol [Internet]. November 2020 [cited 26 November 2022];27(11):2361-70. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000567868000001
35. Duong-Quy S, Huynh-Truong-Anh D, Nguyen-Thi-Kim T, Nguyen-Quang T, Nguyen-Chi T, Tran-Xuan Q, et al. Guillain-Barre Syndrome in Patient With SARS-CoV-2 PCR Positivity Treated Successfully With Therapeutic Exchange Plasma: A First Case Report From Vietnam. Front Neurol [Internet]. 25 May 2022 [cited 26 November 2022];13:868667. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000807882600001
2. Pablo JMC, Jácome DAV, Calderón DAO, Recalde EXD. Guillan Barré. Syndrome. RECIMUNDO [Internet]. January 31, 2022 [cited November 1, 2022];6(1):96-103. Available in: https://recimundo.com/index.php/es/article/view/1506
3. López-Hernández JC, Pérez-Valdez EY, León-Manríquez E, Bazán-Rodríguez L, Galnares-Olalde JA, Jorge-de Saráchaga A, et al. Guillain-Barre syndrome during COVID-19 pandemic: experience from a referral healthcare center in Mexico. Rev Neurol. 2021 Nov 1;73(9):315-20.
4. Guillain–Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19: A systematic review | Elsevier Enhanced Reader [Internet]. [cited April 24, 2023]. Available in: https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S2666354622001685?token=6DCD24124B2444ECD1008EACFABAD2ECFF95ED482F8C689FA55FC6FDD027378C2F9A3686E9B8811250C342A7B4F4DDBA&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20230425045333
5. Mehta SK, Sunder A. Getting paralysed after COVID: Guillain–Barre syndrome. J Fam Med Prim Care [Internet]. 2021 Jul [cited 30 October 2022];10(7):2706-8. Available in: https://journals.lww.com/jfmpc/Fulltext/2021/10070/Getting_paralysed_after_COVID__Guillain_Barre.44.aspx
6. Alotaibi HB, Mirdad AI, Algharbi FM, Alabidi TM, Alharbi OS, Al Siwar RA, et al. An Overview on Guillain-Barre Syndrome Diagnostic and Management Approach. Int J Pharm Phytopharm Res [Internet]. December 2020 [cited 15 November 2022];10(6):138-42. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000603633300023
7. Iqbal R, Asad MJ, Siddiqi S, Mahmood RT, Shah MB, Zainab T. Study of Guillain-Barre syndrome etiology in Pakistani patients. J Pak Med Assoc [Internet]. November 2021 [cited 15 November 2022];71(11):2539-42. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000717086300008
8. Kajita M, Sato M, Iizuka Y, Mashimo Y, Furuta N, Kakizaki S. Guillain-Barre syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Gen Fam Med [Internet]. January 2022 [cited 15 November 2022];23(1):47-9. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000670890500001
9. Makhluf H, Madany H. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Pathogens [Internet]. August 2021 [cited 15 November 2022];10(8):936. Available in: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/936
10. Esteban Molina A, Mata Martínez M, Sánchez Chueca P, Carrillo López A, Sancho Val I, Sanjuan-Villarreal TA. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection. Med Intensive [Internet]. 1 November 2020 [cited 2022 Oct 30];44(8):513-4. Available in: http://www.medintensiva.org/es-sindrome-guillain-barre-asociado-infeccion-por-articulo-S0210569120301546
11. Abu-Rumeileh S, Abdelhak A, Foschi M, Tumani H, Otto M. Guillain–Barré syndrome spectrum associated with COVID-19: an up-to-date systematic review of 73 cases. J Neurol [Internet]. 2021 [cited 30 October 2022];268(4):1133-70. Available in: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7445716/
12. Dutan KMC, Dutan WAC, Arellano KAN, Chiluisa RAC. Guillain Barre syndrome. RECIAMUC [Internet]. December 6, 2021 [cited April 30, 2023];5(4):217-31. Available in: https://reciamuc.com/index.php/RECIAMUC/article/view/745
13. Lancheros Pineda LM, Yasno Arias DA, Zea Rojas DI, Torres Ballesteros V, Bernal Pacheco O, Lancheros Pineda LM, et al. Neurological manifestations by COVID-19. Report of cases in Central Military Hospital Bogotá, Colombia, and review of the literature. Rev Med [Internet]. June 2021 [cited 30 April 2023];29(1):57-76. Available in: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0121-52562021000100057&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es
14. Xie Z, Hui H, Zhao Z, Yu W, Wu R, Zhu Y, et al. Nervous system manifestations related to COVID-19 and their possible mechanisms. Brain Res Bull. 2022;187:63-74.
15. Zhao H, Shen D, Zhou H, Liu J, Chen S. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence? Lancet Neurol [Internet]. 2020 May [cited 30 October 2022];19(5):383-4. Available in: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7176927/
16. Fight T, Reuter U, Schmidt C, Laubinger R, Siegmund R, Walther BW. SARS-CoV-2 associated Guillain-Barre syndrome. J Neurol [Internet]. April 2021 [cited 15 November 2022];268(4):1191-4. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000557346000001
17. Perez-Valdez EY, Lopez-Hernandez JC, May-Mas RN, Briseno-Godinez ME, Galnares-Olalde JA, de-Sarachaga-Adib J, et al. Guillain-Barre syndrome and variants associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico. Rev Mex Neurocienc [Internet]. June 2021 [cited 26 November 2022];22(3):96-100. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000655001000003
18. Luijten LWG, Leonhard SE, van der Eijk AA, Doets AY, Appeltshauser L, Arends S, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection in an international prospective cohort study. Brain [Internet]. September 23, 2021 [cited October 30, 2022];144(11):3392-404. Available in: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8677532/
19. Chu H, Chan JFW, Yuen TTT, Shuai H, Yuan S, Wang Y, et al. Comparative tropism, replication kinetics, and cell damage profiling of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV with implications for clinical manifestations, transmissibility, and laboratory studies of COVID-19: an observational study. Lancet Microbe. 2020 May;1(1):E14-23.
20. Cagno V. SARS-CoV-2 cellular tropism. Lancet Microbe. 2020 May;1(1):E2-3.
21. Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol [Internet]. 2020 [cited 30 April 2023];92(6):552-5. Available in: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.25728
22. Hasan I, Saif-your-Rahman KM, Hayat S, Papri N, Jahan I, Azam R, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. J Peripher Nerv Syst JPNS. 2020 Dec;25(4):335-43.
23. Virani A, Rabold E, Hanson T, Haag A, Elrufay R, Cheema T, et al. Guillain-Barré Syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. IDCases [Internet]. January 1, 2020 [cited November 26, 2022];20:E00771. Available in: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250920300792
24. Luijten LWG, Leonhard SE, van der Eijk AA, Doets AY, Appeltshauser L, Arends S, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection in an international prospective cohort study. Brain J Neurol. 2021 Dec 16;144(11):3392-404.
25. Naranjo Arango YA, García Henao JP, Farfán Cortés AYAA, Álvarez Correa D. Guillain-Barré syndrome as an autoimmune neurological manifestation associated with COVID-19: A review of the literature. Rev Colomb Rheumatol [Internet]. 1 June 2022 [cited 30 April 2023];29:S48-55. Available in: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-revista-colombiana-reumatologia-374-articulo-sindrome-guillain-barre-como-manifestacion-neurologica-S0121812321000293
26. Taher T, Sheikh AB, Anwar F, Khosa F. SARS-CoV-2: its potential neurological manifestations and plausible mechanism: a review article. Acta Neurol Belg [Internet]. April 2021 [cited April 30, 2023];121(2):331-9. Available in: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13760-020-01577-y
27. de Medeiros KS, de Araujo Macedo LT, de Souza WF, Sarmento AC, Ferreira Costa AP, Goncalves AK. Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a scoping review. Rev Assoc Med Bras [Internet]. 2021 [cited 26 November 2022];67(2):318-34. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000686262400029
28. Finsterer J. Guillain-Barre syndrome 15 days after COVID-19 despite SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Idcases [Internet]. 2021 [cited 26 November 2022];25:E01226. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000694802800024
29. Canavero I, Ravaglia S, Valentino F, Micieli G. Guillain Barre syndrome and myelitis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neurosci Lett [Internet]. August 10, 2021 [cited November 26, 2022];759:136040. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000664764000002
30. Fokke C, van den Berg B, Drenthen J, Walgaard C, van Doorn PA, Jacobs BC. Diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome and validation of Brighton criteria. Brain J Neurol. 2014 Jan;137(Pt 1):33-43.
31. Soltani Zangbar H, Gorji A, Ghadiri T. A Review on the Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19 Infection: a Mechanistic View. Mol Neurobiol. 2021;58(2):536-49.
32. Raoult D, Zumla A, Locatelli F, Ippolito G, Kroemer G. Coronavirus infections: Epidemiological, clinical and immunological features and hypotheses. Cell Stress. 2020;4(4):66-75.
33. Alberti P, Beretta S, Piatti M, Karantzoulis A, Piatti ML, Santoro P, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome related to COVID-19 infection. Neurol Neuroimmunol NeuroInflammation. 2020;7(4).
34. Of Sanctis P, Doneddu PE, Vigano L, Selmi C, Nobile-Orazio E. Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A systematic review. Eur J Neurol [Internet]. November 2020 [cited 26 November 2022];27(11):2361-70. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000567868000001
35. Duong-Quy S, Huynh-Truong-Anh D, Nguyen-Thi-Kim T, Nguyen-Quang T, Nguyen-Chi T, Tran-Xuan Q, et al. Guillain-Barre Syndrome in Patient With SARS-CoV-2 PCR Positivity Treated Successfully With Therapeutic Exchange Plasma: A First Case Report From Vietnam. Front Neurol [Internet]. 25 May 2022 [cited 26 November 2022];13:868667. Available in: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000807882600001
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Jul 22, 2023
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María Fernanda Castillo Pillacela, & Juan Diego Domínguez Villizhañay. (2023). DIAGNOSIS OF GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH SARS-COV-2 INFECTION. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(17), 391–400. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i17.2405
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Author Biographies
María Fernanda Castillo Pillacela
Estudiante de la facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Juan Diego Domínguez Villizhañay
Docente de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cuarto nivel médico especialista en medicina interna