Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 intensive care patients

Main Article Content

Raghad S Alshammari
Abdullah Mohsen Alhazmi
Mohammed Mubarak Alrashidi
Ghuzayyil Alkhamash
Mabrouk AL-Rasheedi
Khawaja Husnain Haider
Barrak Mansour Alreshidi
Reem Alotaibi
Nosaiba Khairi
Ahmed Mohammed Othman
Ghada Alrashidi
Manal Abdel Hakim Selim

Keywords

Comorbidity; COVID-19; Intensive care units (ICU); Respiratory; Qassim region; Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: The novel Corona virus strain COVID-19 created a pandemic condition, leading to extensive deaths and putting immense pressure on the global health systems due to high demand for hospitalization and intensive care units (ICUs) admission.
Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate the characteristics of ICU patients with COVID-19 infection to explore the factors associated with morbidity and mortality during hospital admission.
Method: A retrospective observational study was conducted in King Saud Hospital and Al-Bukayriyah General Hospital, Al-Qassim region, KSA from March 2020 until October 2021, among COVID-19-ICU patients. Data regarding patients' demographics, comorbidities, signs, and symptoms were collected, as well as the need for ventilation, duration of ICU stay and death rate. All data were analyzed and the associations between variables were evaluated.
Results: The study included 120 patients (60% were males, 40% female, with a mean age of 64.6± 17.9 years). The most prevalent comorbidities were diabetes (54.2%) and hypertension (40%). The mean length of ICU stay was nine days. A significant association was observed between the mortality rate, the length of stay in ICU, and the need for invasive ventilation (P ≤ 0.05). A significant association was found between pulmonary diseases and the need for ventilation, and between kidney diseases and the length of ICU stay.
Conclusion: Males, elderly, diabetics, and hypertensive patients infected with COVID-19 were at a significant risk of developing severe symptoms, which further deteriorated their condition.Future studies are warranted with larger sample size and longer duration for better evaluation of the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU.

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