Apical Extrusion of Debris During Instrumentation Using Two Different Rotary Files System in Permanent Teeth- an in Vitro Study
Main Article Content
Keywords
permanent, system, dentistry, technical, teeth, study
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the amount of apically extruded debris during preparation with ProFit S3 files and ProTaper NEXT (Dentsply Mailefer).
Materials And Methods: Thirty extracted single-rooted premolars which were recently extracted and preserved in physiological saline solution were used. All the samples were standardized to 16 mm. Standard endodontic access was prepared using endo access bur (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). The initial patency was established using #10 k file (Mani, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan) to the working length.. Two different rotary files systems were used for cleaning and shaping. Debris was collected in the Eppendorf tube and then weighed using microbalance.
Results: It shows that significant differences between ProFit S3 and ProTaper NEXT showed increased debris extrusion.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that all the file system extruded debris beyond apical foramen.The ProFit S3 group showed lesser debris extrusion when compared to ProTaper NEXT.
References
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3. Antony SDP, Subramanian AK, Nivedhitha MS, Solete P. Comparative evaluation of canal transportation, centering ability, and dentin removal between ProTaper Gold, One Curve, and Profit S3: An study. J Conserv Dent [Internet]. 2020 Nov-Dec;23(6):632–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_619_20
4. Antony DP, Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University. Comparative evaluation of canal transportation and centring ability of three rotary file systems - in-vitro study. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2021 Jul 17;3252–6. Available from: http://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-08-7068.pdf
5. de Paz LEC, Sedgley CM, Kishen A. The Root Canal Biofilm [Internet]. Springer; 2015. 366 p. Available from: https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=EuXHCgAAQBAJ
6. Jeevanandan G, Govindaraju L, Subramanian EMG, Priyadarshini P. Comparative Evaluation of Quality of Obturation and Its Effect on Postoperative Pain between Pediatric Hand and Rotary Files: A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2021 Jan-Feb;14(1):88–96. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1895
7. Solete P, Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai. Comparative evaluation of dentin crack formation after root canal preparation using 3 different rotary files - invitro study. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2021 Jan 8;3209–13. Available from: http://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-08-7060.pdf
8. Torabinejad M, Kettering JD, McGraw JC, Cummings RR, Dwyer TG, Tobias TS. Factors associated with endodontic interappointment emergencies of teeth with necrotic pulps. J Endod [Internet]. 1988 May;14(5):261–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(88)80181-X
9. Siqueira JF Jr. Microbial causes of endodontic flare-ups. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2003 Jul;36(7):453–63. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00671.x
10. Anjaneyulu, Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India. Association of irreversible pulpitis and single visit root canal treatment Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2020 Nov 27;1127–31. Available from: https://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-07-11032.pdf
11. Wittgow WC Jr, Sabiston CB Jr. Microorganisms from pulpal chambers of intact teeth with necrotic pulps. J Endod [Internet]. 1975 May;1(5):168–71. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(75)80115-4
12. Sandeep AH, Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India. Incidence of re-root canal treatment in canines due to obturation short of apex - A retrospective study. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2020 Dec 18;1252–5. Available from: https://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-07-12020.pdf
13. Panchal V, Jeevanandan G, Subramanian E. Comparison of instrumentation time and obturation quality between hand K-file, H-files, and rotary Kedo-S in root canal treatment of primary teeth: A randomized controlled trial. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent [Internet]. 2019 Jan-Mar;37(1):75–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_72_18
14. Khandelwal A, Jose J, Teja KV, Palanivelu A. Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain and periapical healing after root canal treatment using three different base endodontic sealers - A randomized control clinical trial. J Clin Exp Dent [Internet]. 2022 Feb;14(2):e144–52. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.59034
15. Troiano G, Dioguardi M, Cocco A, Giuliani M, Fabiani C, D’Alessandro A, et al. Centering Ability of ProTaper Next and WaveOne Classic in J-Shape Simulated Root Canals. ScientificWorldJournal [Internet]. 2016 Dec 8;2016:1606013. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1606013
16. Haridas K, Hariharan M, Singh P, Varughese A, Ravi AB, Varma KR. Effect of instrumentation techniques and kinematics on apical extrusion of debris: An in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2019 Sep 1;20(9):1067–70. Available from: https://www.thejcdp.com/doi/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2656
17. Mamede-Neto I, Borges AH, Guedes OA, de Oliveira D, Pedro FLM, Estrela C. Root Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments in Mandibular Premolars Assessed Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. Open Dent J [Internet]. 2017 Feb 14;11:71–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601711010071
18. Lakshmanan L, Somasundaram S, Jeevanandan G, Subramanian E. Evaluation of Postoperative Pain after Pulpectomy using Different File Systems in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review. Contemp Clin Dent [Internet]. 2021 Mar 20;12(1):3–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_561_20
19. Tambe V, Nagmode P, Abraham S, Patait M, Lahoti P, Jaju N. Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of rotary protaper, one shape system and wave one system using cone beam computed tomography: An in vitro study [Internet]. Vol. 17, Journal of Conservative Dentistry. 2014. p. 561. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-0707.144605
20. Nandakumar M, Nasim I. Effect of intracanal cryotreated sodium hypochlorite on postoperative pain after root canal treatment - A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Conserv Dent [Internet]. 2020 Nov 5;23(2):131–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_65_20
21. Antony SP, Subramanian A, Nivedhitha MS, Solete P. Comparative evaluation of canal transportation, centering ability, and dentin removal between ProTaper Gold, One Curve, and Profit S3: An in vitro study [Internet]. Vol. 23, Journal of Conservative Dentistry. 2020. p. 632. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcd.jcd_619_20
22. Myers GL, Montgomery S. A comparison of weights of debris extruded apically by conventional filing and Canal Master techniques. J Endod [Internet]. 1991 Jun;17(6):275–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81866-2
23. Bürklein S, Schäfer E. Apically extruded debris with reciprocating single-file and full-sequence rotary instrumentation systems. J Endod [Internet]. 2012 Jun;38(6):850–2. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.02.017
24. Bürklein S, Börjes L, Schäfer E. Comparison of preparation of curved root canals with Hyflex CM and Revo-S rotary nickel-titanium instruments. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2014 May;47(5):470–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12171
25. Üstün Y, Çanakçi BC, Dinçer AN, Er O, Düzgün S. Evaluation of apically extruded debris associated with several Ni-Ti systems Int Endod J [Internet]. 2015 Jul;48(7):701–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12369
26. Teja KV, Ramesh S, Vasundhara KA. Comparative Evaluation of Preemptive and Preventive Analgesic Effect of Oral Ibuprofen in Single Visit Root Canal Treatment- A Prospective Randomised Pilot Study. Eur Endod J [Internet]. 2022 Jun;7(2):106–13. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.14744/eej.2021.49469
27. Goldman M, White RR, Moser CR, Tenca JI. A comparison of three methods of cleaning and shaping the root canal in vitro. J Endod [Internet]. 1988 Jan;14(1):7–12. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-2399(88)80235-8
28. Reddy SA, Hicks ML. Apical extrusion of debris using two hand and two rotary instrumentation techniques. J Endod [Internet]. 1998 Mar;24(3):180–3. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80179-9
29. Ms N, Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Clinical Genetics Lab, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University. Postoperative pain associated with resin and bioceramic based sealers: A systematic review. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2021 Aug 2;3613–9. Available from: https://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-08-809.pdf
30. Bartols A, Laux G, Walther W. Multiple-file vs. single-file endodontics in dental practice: a study in routine care. PeerJ [Internet]. 2016 Dec 7;4:e2765. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2765
31. Neelakantan P, Grotra D, Sharma S. Retreatability of 2 mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealers: a cone-beam computed tomography analysis. J Endod [Internet]. 2013 Jul;39(7):893–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.04.022
32. Aldhuwayhi S, Mallineni SK, Sakhamuri S, Thakare AA, Mallineni S, Sajja R, et al. Covid-19 Knowledge and Perceptions Among Dental Specialists: A Cross-Sectional Online Questionnaire Survey. Risk Manag Healthc Policy [Internet]. 2021 Jul 7;14:2851–61. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S306880
33. Sheriff KAH, Ahmed Hilal Sheriff K, Santhanam A. Knowledge and Awareness towards Oral Biopsy among Students of Saveetha Dental College [Internet]. Vol. 11, Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2018. p. 543. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2018.00101.4
34. Markov A, Thangavelu L, Aravindhan S, Zekiy AO, Jarahian M, Chartrand MS, et al. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as a valuable source for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders. Stem Cell Res Ther [Internet]. 2021 Mar 18;12(1):192. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13287-021-02265-1
35. Jayaraj G, Ramani P, Herald J. Sherlin, Premkumar P, Anuja N. Inter-observer agreement in grading oral epithelial dysplasia – A systematic review [Internet]. Vol. 27, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology. 2015. p. 112–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoms.2014.01.006
36. Paramasivam A, Priyadharsini JV, Raghunandhakumar S, Elumalai P. A novel COVID-19 and its effects on cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res [Internet]. 2020 Jul;43(7):729–30. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41440-020-0461-x
37. Li Z, Veeraraghavan VP, Mohan SK, Bolla SR, Lakshmanan H, Kumaran S, et al. Apoptotic induction and anti-metastatic activity of eugenol encapsulated chitosan nanopolymer on rat glioma C6 cells via alleviating the MMP signaling pathway [Internet]. Vol. 203, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 2020. p. 111773. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111773
38. Gan H, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Zheng L, Xie X, Veeraraghavan VP, et al. Zingerone induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells and prevents 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in experimental rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol [Internet]. 2019 Oct;33(10):e22387. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbt.22387
39. Dua K, Wadhwa R, Singhvi G, Rapalli V, Shukla SD, Shastri MD, et al. The potential of siRNA based drug delivery in respiratory disorders: Recent advances and progress. Drug Dev Res [Internet]. 2019 Sep;80(6):714–30. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21571
40. Mohan M, Jagannathan N. Oral field cancerization: an update on current concepts. Oncol Rev [Internet]. 2014 Mar 17;8(1):244. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2014.244
2. Berman LH, Hargreaves KM. Cohen’s Pathways of the Pulp - E-Book [Internet]. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2020. 992 p. Available from: https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=_9_7DwAAQBAJ
3. Antony SDP, Subramanian AK, Nivedhitha MS, Solete P. Comparative evaluation of canal transportation, centering ability, and dentin removal between ProTaper Gold, One Curve, and Profit S3: An study. J Conserv Dent [Internet]. 2020 Nov-Dec;23(6):632–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_619_20
4. Antony DP, Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University. Comparative evaluation of canal transportation and centring ability of three rotary file systems - in-vitro study. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2021 Jul 17;3252–6. Available from: http://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-08-7068.pdf
5. de Paz LEC, Sedgley CM, Kishen A. The Root Canal Biofilm [Internet]. Springer; 2015. 366 p. Available from: https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=EuXHCgAAQBAJ
6. Jeevanandan G, Govindaraju L, Subramanian EMG, Priyadarshini P. Comparative Evaluation of Quality of Obturation and Its Effect on Postoperative Pain between Pediatric Hand and Rotary Files: A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2021 Jan-Feb;14(1):88–96. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1895
7. Solete P, Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai. Comparative evaluation of dentin crack formation after root canal preparation using 3 different rotary files - invitro study. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2021 Jan 8;3209–13. Available from: http://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-08-7060.pdf
8. Torabinejad M, Kettering JD, McGraw JC, Cummings RR, Dwyer TG, Tobias TS. Factors associated with endodontic interappointment emergencies of teeth with necrotic pulps. J Endod [Internet]. 1988 May;14(5):261–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(88)80181-X
9. Siqueira JF Jr. Microbial causes of endodontic flare-ups. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2003 Jul;36(7):453–63. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00671.x
10. Anjaneyulu, Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India. Association of irreversible pulpitis and single visit root canal treatment Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2020 Nov 27;1127–31. Available from: https://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-07-11032.pdf
11. Wittgow WC Jr, Sabiston CB Jr. Microorganisms from pulpal chambers of intact teeth with necrotic pulps. J Endod [Internet]. 1975 May;1(5):168–71. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(75)80115-4
12. Sandeep AH, Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India. Incidence of re-root canal treatment in canines due to obturation short of apex - A retrospective study. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2020 Dec 18;1252–5. Available from: https://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-07-12020.pdf
13. Panchal V, Jeevanandan G, Subramanian E. Comparison of instrumentation time and obturation quality between hand K-file, H-files, and rotary Kedo-S in root canal treatment of primary teeth: A randomized controlled trial. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent [Internet]. 2019 Jan-Mar;37(1):75–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_72_18
14. Khandelwal A, Jose J, Teja KV, Palanivelu A. Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain and periapical healing after root canal treatment using three different base endodontic sealers - A randomized control clinical trial. J Clin Exp Dent [Internet]. 2022 Feb;14(2):e144–52. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.59034
15. Troiano G, Dioguardi M, Cocco A, Giuliani M, Fabiani C, D’Alessandro A, et al. Centering Ability of ProTaper Next and WaveOne Classic in J-Shape Simulated Root Canals. ScientificWorldJournal [Internet]. 2016 Dec 8;2016:1606013. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1606013
16. Haridas K, Hariharan M, Singh P, Varughese A, Ravi AB, Varma KR. Effect of instrumentation techniques and kinematics on apical extrusion of debris: An in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2019 Sep 1;20(9):1067–70. Available from: https://www.thejcdp.com/doi/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2656
17. Mamede-Neto I, Borges AH, Guedes OA, de Oliveira D, Pedro FLM, Estrela C. Root Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments in Mandibular Premolars Assessed Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. Open Dent J [Internet]. 2017 Feb 14;11:71–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601711010071
18. Lakshmanan L, Somasundaram S, Jeevanandan G, Subramanian E. Evaluation of Postoperative Pain after Pulpectomy using Different File Systems in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review. Contemp Clin Dent [Internet]. 2021 Mar 20;12(1):3–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_561_20
19. Tambe V, Nagmode P, Abraham S, Patait M, Lahoti P, Jaju N. Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of rotary protaper, one shape system and wave one system using cone beam computed tomography: An in vitro study [Internet]. Vol. 17, Journal of Conservative Dentistry. 2014. p. 561. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-0707.144605
20. Nandakumar M, Nasim I. Effect of intracanal cryotreated sodium hypochlorite on postoperative pain after root canal treatment - A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Conserv Dent [Internet]. 2020 Nov 5;23(2):131–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_65_20
21. Antony SP, Subramanian A, Nivedhitha MS, Solete P. Comparative evaluation of canal transportation, centering ability, and dentin removal between ProTaper Gold, One Curve, and Profit S3: An in vitro study [Internet]. Vol. 23, Journal of Conservative Dentistry. 2020. p. 632. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcd.jcd_619_20
22. Myers GL, Montgomery S. A comparison of weights of debris extruded apically by conventional filing and Canal Master techniques. J Endod [Internet]. 1991 Jun;17(6):275–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81866-2
23. Bürklein S, Schäfer E. Apically extruded debris with reciprocating single-file and full-sequence rotary instrumentation systems. J Endod [Internet]. 2012 Jun;38(6):850–2. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.02.017
24. Bürklein S, Börjes L, Schäfer E. Comparison of preparation of curved root canals with Hyflex CM and Revo-S rotary nickel-titanium instruments. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2014 May;47(5):470–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12171
25. Üstün Y, Çanakçi BC, Dinçer AN, Er O, Düzgün S. Evaluation of apically extruded debris associated with several Ni-Ti systems Int Endod J [Internet]. 2015 Jul;48(7):701–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12369
26. Teja KV, Ramesh S, Vasundhara KA. Comparative Evaluation of Preemptive and Preventive Analgesic Effect of Oral Ibuprofen in Single Visit Root Canal Treatment- A Prospective Randomised Pilot Study. Eur Endod J [Internet]. 2022 Jun;7(2):106–13. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.14744/eej.2021.49469
27. Goldman M, White RR, Moser CR, Tenca JI. A comparison of three methods of cleaning and shaping the root canal in vitro. J Endod [Internet]. 1988 Jan;14(1):7–12. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-2399(88)80235-8
28. Reddy SA, Hicks ML. Apical extrusion of debris using two hand and two rotary instrumentation techniques. J Endod [Internet]. 1998 Mar;24(3):180–3. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80179-9
29. Ms N, Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Clinical Genetics Lab, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University. Postoperative pain associated with resin and bioceramic based sealers: A systematic review. Int J Dent Oral Sci [Internet]. 2021 Aug 2;3613–9. Available from: https://scidoc.org/articlepdfs/IJDOS/IJDOS-2377-8075-08-809.pdf
30. Bartols A, Laux G, Walther W. Multiple-file vs. single-file endodontics in dental practice: a study in routine care. PeerJ [Internet]. 2016 Dec 7;4:e2765. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2765
31. Neelakantan P, Grotra D, Sharma S. Retreatability of 2 mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealers: a cone-beam computed tomography analysis. J Endod [Internet]. 2013 Jul;39(7):893–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.04.022
32. Aldhuwayhi S, Mallineni SK, Sakhamuri S, Thakare AA, Mallineni S, Sajja R, et al. Covid-19 Knowledge and Perceptions Among Dental Specialists: A Cross-Sectional Online Questionnaire Survey. Risk Manag Healthc Policy [Internet]. 2021 Jul 7;14:2851–61. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S306880
33. Sheriff KAH, Ahmed Hilal Sheriff K, Santhanam A. Knowledge and Awareness towards Oral Biopsy among Students of Saveetha Dental College [Internet]. Vol. 11, Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2018. p. 543. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2018.00101.4
34. Markov A, Thangavelu L, Aravindhan S, Zekiy AO, Jarahian M, Chartrand MS, et al. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as a valuable source for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders. Stem Cell Res Ther [Internet]. 2021 Mar 18;12(1):192. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13287-021-02265-1
35. Jayaraj G, Ramani P, Herald J. Sherlin, Premkumar P, Anuja N. Inter-observer agreement in grading oral epithelial dysplasia – A systematic review [Internet]. Vol. 27, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology. 2015. p. 112–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoms.2014.01.006
36. Paramasivam A, Priyadharsini JV, Raghunandhakumar S, Elumalai P. A novel COVID-19 and its effects on cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res [Internet]. 2020 Jul;43(7):729–30. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41440-020-0461-x
37. Li Z, Veeraraghavan VP, Mohan SK, Bolla SR, Lakshmanan H, Kumaran S, et al. Apoptotic induction and anti-metastatic activity of eugenol encapsulated chitosan nanopolymer on rat glioma C6 cells via alleviating the MMP signaling pathway [Internet]. Vol. 203, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 2020. p. 111773. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111773
38. Gan H, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Zheng L, Xie X, Veeraraghavan VP, et al. Zingerone induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells and prevents 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in experimental rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol [Internet]. 2019 Oct;33(10):e22387. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbt.22387
39. Dua K, Wadhwa R, Singhvi G, Rapalli V, Shukla SD, Shastri MD, et al. The potential of siRNA based drug delivery in respiratory disorders: Recent advances and progress. Drug Dev Res [Internet]. 2019 Sep;80(6):714–30. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21571
40. Mohan M, Jagannathan N. Oral field cancerization: an update on current concepts. Oncol Rev [Internet]. 2014 Mar 17;8(1):244. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2014.244
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Jun 6, 2023
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Aravindhan.K, & Delphine Priscilla Antony S. (2023). Apical Extrusion of Debris During Instrumentation Using Two Different Rotary Files System in Permanent Teeth- an in Vitro Study. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(14), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.14.013
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