Detection of Shigella species from in and out patient in Baghdad and Waist Provinces/Iraq

Main Article Content

Jaafar Jumaah Hassonni
Ahmed Dawood Ahmed
Athmar Adnan Hakman

Keywords

Shigella, Baghdad

Abstract

Diarrhea caused by Shigella pathogen was responsible for second causative agent of morbidity and mortality between children in middle and low income east and other countries, in this study Shigella species was isolated from 203 stool samples collected from patients suffering from dysentery from both gender in which attending to Baghdad medical city in Baghdad and Alkarma teaching hospital in Al-Kut/Wasit governorates/Iraq in period between January 2020 to the middle of February 2021, these pathogen was isolated by using cultured methods and other biochemical tests in which routinely used to isolated these bacteria from these stool samples S. flexneri was more common species isolated in this research 131(65%), S. sonnei 66(33%), S. boydii 4(2%) and last one was S. dysenteria 2(1%), on other hand 113(55.67%) was the ratio of female infected compared with 90(44.33%) in male among that large infected was seen in age group 2-4 years old and low one infected age group was found in <2 years old. Also antibiotics sensitivity tests was done, the results appeared that first one active was Ceftriaxone followed by Ciprofloxacin them Ceftizoxime and other antibiotics used in this study appeared variable actions against this species, in case of antibiotics resistance S. sonnei appeared highly resistance to ampicillin(95%), S. dysenteriae showed completely resistance to Kanamicin(100%) while large numbers of S. flexneri resistance to ampicillin(99%) and Co-trimoxazole(85%) on other wise most numbers of S. boydii not appeared any resistance to any antibiotics used in this study.

Abstract 142 | PDF Downloads 138

References

1. Khalil IA, Troeger C, Blacker BF, Rao PC, Brown A, Atherly DE, et al. Morbidity and mortality due to Shigella and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018.
2. Williams PCM, Berkley JA. Guidelines for the treatment of dysentery (shigellosis): a systematic
review of the evidence. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2018; 38: S50–S65.
3. Bhattacharya MK, Bhattacharya SK, Paul M, Dutta D, Dutta P, Kole H, et al.Shigellosis in Calcutta during 1990–1992: antibiotic susceptibility pattern and clinical features. J. Diarrh. Dis Res 1994;12:121–4.
4. Babak P, Mamishi M, Setareh M, Negar M, et al. Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella species isolated in Children Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran,2001-2006. Braz J Infect Dis. 2010;14(2):153-157.
5. Ashkenazi SH, Levy I, Kazaronovski V, Samra Z. Growing antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates. Antimicrobial Chemotherapy J. 2003; 51:427-9.
6. Ashkenazi, S. (1999). Shigella spp. In Antimicrobial Therapy and Vaccines (Yu, V. L., Merigan, T. C. & Borriere, S. L., Eds), pp. 382-7.Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
7. Jain SK, Gupta A, Glanz B, Dick J, Siberry GK. Antimicrobial-Resistant Shigella sonnei: Limited Antimicrobial Treatment Options for Children and Challenges of Interpreting In Vitro Azithromycin Susceptibility. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005; 24:494-7.
8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NARMS 2001 Annual Report: antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella, Shigella, and E. coli O157 isolates, 2001. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/narms/annual/2001/table/0104.htm. Accessed June 15, 2004.
9. Hoe CH, Yasin RM, Koh YT, Thong KL. Antimicrobial susceptibility and pulsed-fi eld gel electrophoresis of Shigella sonnei strains in Malaysia (1997–2000). Applied Microbiology J. 2005; 99:133-40.
10. Green MS, Block C, Cohen D, Slater P. Four decades of shigellosis iIsrael—the epidemiology of a growing public health problem.Review of Infectious Diseases. 1991; 13:248-53.
11. Hoe CH, Yasin RM, Koh YT, Thong KL. Antimicrobial susceptibility and pulsed-fi eld gel electrophoresis of Shigella sonnei strains in Malaysia (1997–2000). Applied Microbiology J. 2005;99:133-40.
12. DuPont, HL (1988). Shigellosis. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 2, 599-605.
13. Pazhani GP, Ramamrthy T, Mitra U, Bhattacharya SK, Niyogi SK. Species diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella spp. 1. Khalil IA, Troeger C, Blacker BF, Rao PC, Brown A, Atherly DE, et al. Morbidity and mortality due to Shigella and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018.
14. Khan A, Huq S, Malek MA et al. Shigella serotypes among hospitalized patients in urban Bangladesh and their antimicrobial resistance. Epidemiology and Infection. 2004; 132:773-7