Evaluation of vitamin D3 among overweight and obese school students in Samarra city
Main Article Content
Keywords
samples, vitamin, collected, blood
Abstract
current research included evaluating the level of vitamin D3 in overweight and obese school students. The research included collecting 90 blood samples, between the ages of (12-18) years, 30 blood samples were from overweight people (G1), and 30 blood samples were from people with obesity. Obesity (G2) and 30 blood samples from healthy people (control group). The samples were collected from school students in the city of Samarra, for the period from 11/12/2022 - 12/20/2022.
The research included estimating the level of vitamin D3, in the blood serum of the samples under study. And Know the prevalence of Vitamin D3.
The results obtained from the current study:
Prevalence Study: The results showed that vitamin D3 deficiency was 100% in all study groups. As for the severity of the deficiency, it was found that the prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency within the range (20-30)ng/ml was 40% and the range (10-20) was 60%. As for (5-10) ng/ml, it was 0% for the healthy group. As for the group G1 (overweight), the results showed that the prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency within the range (20-30) ng /ml was 23.3%, and the range (10-20) ng /ml was 50%, while (5-10) ng/ml it was 27%, while the percentage of The prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency for group G2 (obesity) within the range (20-30) was 10%, and the range (10-20) ng /ml was 53%, while (5-10) ng/ml it was 36%.
Biochemical study : The result showed a significant decrease in Vit D3 in blood serum G1,G2 groups Compered with control groups .
References
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13. Holick , MF. Vitamin D Status :Measurement , Interpretation and Clinical Application . Ann Epidemoil . 2009, 19 (2):73-78.
14. Stefan Jijo Marzina Karsh, Assistant Lect. Revan Said Ishua. BMI levels among Secondary school male and female students in Karakosh. Sciences Journal Of Physical Education, 2020, Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages 380-400.
15. Haitham M. Mikhlif, Randa Mohammed Dhahi . The relationship between body mass index (BMI (and lipid profile in Iraqi population. Journal of Education and Scientific Studies, 2018, Volume 1, Issue 12, Pages 127-142.
16. Muna Hamza Hanoun Alsultany, Shahrazad S. Al Jobori, Khalid K. Alaaraji. Prevalence and Behavioral Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity amongst Fifth and Sixth Grade Primary Schools' Children in AL-Najaf. Karbala Journal of Medicine, 2019, Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 2220-2233.
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21. Rodondi N, et al. Counselling overweight and obese patients in primary care: a prospective cohort study. Eur. J. Cardiovas. Prev. Rehabil. 2006;13:222–228.
22. Hite A, Victorson D, Elue R, Plunkett BA. An exploration of barriers facing physicians in diagnosing and treating obesity. Am. J. Health Promot. 2018 .
23. Hebert JR, Allison DB, Archer E, Lavie CJ, Blair SN. Scientific decision making, policy decisions, and the obesity pandemic. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2013;88:593–604.
24. Oliveros E, Somers VK, Sochor O, Goel K, Lopez-Jimenez F. The concept of normal weight obesity. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2014;56:426–433.
25. Daniel, Nicola. Seminar in Biology. Vitamins, National Center for Distinguished People, Syrian Arab Republic 2014, pp. 10-12.
26. 26-Adnan Al Shaikh1, Khaled Aseri1, Fayssal Farahat1, Bahaa A. Abaalkhail2, Ibrahim Kaddam1, Yousef Salih3, Ali Al Qarni4, Ahmed Al Shuaibi4, Waleed Tamimi3. Prevalence of obesity and overweight among school-aged children in saudi arabia and its association with vitamin D status. Acta Biomed 2020; Vol. 91, N.4: e20201333.
27. Issa, A.M. and Ibraheem, S.A. Alterations of vitamin" D" level in sera of Iraqi population. J kerbala Univ. 2007;5(1):58-64.
28. Darwish, L.A.A.I.Vitamin D status in healthy femal individuals .AL-KufaUnversityJ.Bio. 2018;10(1):11-9.
29. Gordon, C.M.; DePeter, K.C.; Feldman, H.A.; Grace, E. and Emans, S.J. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy adolescents. Arch Pediat Adol Med. 2004;158(6):531-7.
30. Sharawat, I.; Sitaraman, S. and Dawman, L. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Healthy School Children in Jaipur District, Rajasthan, India. Int J Pediat. 2015;3(4-2):801.
31. Kaddam, I.M.; Al-Shaikh, A.M.; Abaalkhail, B.A et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in three regions of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Saudi Med J. 2017;38(4):381-90.
32. Shin, Y.H.; Kim, K.E.; Lee, C et al. High prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in young adolescents in Korea. Eur J Pediatr. 2012;171(10):1475-80.
33. Moussavi, M.; Heidarpour, R.; Aminorroaya, A.; Pournaghshband, Z. and Amini, M. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Isfahani high school students in 2004. Horm Res Paediat. 2005;64(3):144-8.
34. Jhon, G.R. competitive protein binding redio assay for 25(OH) D3. J.Clin. Endocr.Metab.1971;33:992-5.
35. Holick H. L. Biochemistry and physiology-Aspect of Nutrition. 4th Ed. Mosbey 2004.
36. M Pereira-Santos, P R F Costa, A M O Assis, C A S T Santos, D B Santos. Obesity and vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;2015. Apr;16(4):341-9.
37. Lara Fonseca de Oliveira, Lucas Guimarães de Azevedo.et al. Obesity and overweight decreases the effect of vitamin D supplementation in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Campus Universitário do Canela, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-040, Brazil. . 2020 Mar;21(1):67-76.
38. Fiamenghi, Elza Daniel de Mello. Vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents with obesity: a meta-analysis. Jornal de Pediatria . Volume 97, Issue 3, May–June 2021, Pages 273-279.
39. Al-Samarraie, M. Q., Mokdadhatamabdulwahed, A., Mustafa, M. A., Alkanaani, M. I., Abdulateef, I. D., Hameed, R. S., & Ibrahim, Z. M. (2021). Vitamin D Deficiency and It Relation with Weight, Age and Gender in Number of Men and Women in Samarra City. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 257-263.
40. J. Wortsman, L.Y. Matsuoka, T.C. Chen, Z. Lu, M.F. Holick Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity Am J Clin Nutr, 72 (2000), pp. 690-693.
41. Sabrina Ait Gacem and Moyad Jamal Shahwan. Vitamin D and Obesity. All content following this page was uploaded by Sabrina Ait Gacem on 29 November 2019.
42. Lee K, Kim J: Serum vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis (https://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.3.329). Nutr Res Pract. 2021, 15:329-45.
43. Kheiri B, Abdalla A, Osman M, Ahmed S, Hassan M, Bachuwa G: Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a narrative review (https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-018-0094-4). Clin Hypertens. 2018, 24:9. 10.1186/s40885-018-0094-4 (https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-018-0094-4).
44. Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Costela-Ruiz VJ, García-Recio E, De Luna-Bertos E, Ruiz C, Illescas-Montes R: Role of vitamin D in the metabolic syndrome (https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030830). Nutrients. 2021, 13:830. 10.3390/nu13030830 (https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030830).
45. Deeb, KK, Trump DL, Johnson CS. Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics. Nature reviews cancer. 2007 Sep;7(9):684.
46. Abdulwahed, A. M. H., Alkanaani, M. I., Alsamarrai, A. H., Hamad, M. A. M., Dakheel, A., & Al-Samarraie, M. Q. (2020). Determination of some visfatin hormone level and lipid profilein some breast cancer patients in Samarra city. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Health, 23, 265-267.
47. Carnevale V., Modoni S., Pileri M., Di Giorgio A., Chiodini I., Minisola S., Vieth R., Scillitani A. Longitudinal evaluation of vitamin D status in healthy subjects from southern Italy: Seasonal and gender differences. Osteoporos. Int. 2001;12:1026–1030.
2. Kotsis V, Stabouli S, Bouldin M.,etal. Impact of obesity on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure and hypertension. Hypertension 2005;45: .607–602
3. Mahmood Safaei a, Elankovan A. Sundararajan a,*, Maha Driss b,c, Wadii Boulila b,c, Azrulhizam Shapi’i d A systematic literature review on obesity: Understanding the causes & consequences of obesity and reviewing various machine learning approaches used to predict obesity. Computers in Biology and Medicine 136 (2021) 104754.
4. Al–Mogadamy, O. A., Mohammed, B. O., Al-Saadi, A. F. and Al–Mogadamy, O. A. (2020). Association of Serum vitamin D levels, Psoriasis and the Effect of Oral D supplementation on Clinical improvement of Disease. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health. 23, 232-233.
5. Paschou, S.A.; Anagnostis, P.; Karras, S.; Annweiler, C.; Vakalopoulou, S.;Garipidou, V. and Goulis, D.G. Bone mineral density in men and children with haemophilia A and B: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteo Inter. 2014;25(10):2399-407.
6. Jandal, Jassim Muhammad, Chemistry of Vitamins, first edition, College of Veterinary Medicine - University of Tikrit, 2007, p. 6, 132, 134, 131, 135.
7. Al-Samarraie, M. Q., Mohammed, H. E., Noori, D. S., & Hassan, Z. M. (2022, November). Prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency in people according age, weight and gender in Samarra city. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2394, No. 1, p. 080007). AIP Publishing LLC.
8. Nowson, C.A. and Margerison, C. Vitamin D intake and vitamin D status of Australians. Medical Journal of Australia. 2002;177(3):149-52.
9. M.F. McCarty, C.A. Thomas PTH excess may promote weight gain by impeding catecholamine-induced lipolysis-implications for the impact of calcium, vitamin D, and alcohol on body weight Med. Hypotheses, 61 (2003), pp. 535-542, 10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00227-5
10. L. Wamberg, U. Kampmann, H. Stødkilde-Jørgensen, L. Rejnmark, S.B. Pedersen, B. Richelsen Effects of vitamin D supplementation on body fat accumulation, inflammation, and metabolic risk factors in obese adults with low vitamin D levels - results from a randomized trial Eur. J. Intern. Med., 24 (2013), pp. 644-649, 10.1016/j.ejim.2013.03.005
11. National Institute of Health, National heart, Lung and Blood institute. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification Evaluation, and Treatment of overweight and obesity in adults : The Evidence report Bethesda , Md: National Institutes of Health obes. Res 1998; (2): .51-209.
12. Grummer, M.; lstrawn, A.; pietrio, B.; and Dietz, W,H. Am. j. clin Nutr. 2002; (752): 85-978.
13. Holick , MF. Vitamin D Status :Measurement , Interpretation and Clinical Application . Ann Epidemoil . 2009, 19 (2):73-78.
14. Stefan Jijo Marzina Karsh, Assistant Lect. Revan Said Ishua. BMI levels among Secondary school male and female students in Karakosh. Sciences Journal Of Physical Education, 2020, Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages 380-400.
15. Haitham M. Mikhlif, Randa Mohammed Dhahi . The relationship between body mass index (BMI (and lipid profile in Iraqi population. Journal of Education and Scientific Studies, 2018, Volume 1, Issue 12, Pages 127-142.
16. Muna Hamza Hanoun Alsultany, Shahrazad S. Al Jobori, Khalid K. Alaaraji. Prevalence and Behavioral Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity amongst Fifth and Sixth Grade Primary Schools' Children in AL-Najaf. Karbala Journal of Medicine, 2019, Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 2220-2233.
17. Mahmoud M.A . The relationship of chemrin with some biochemical variables for male secondary students in Kirkuk. Master Thesis . Faculty of Education . Samarra University. 2018.
18. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, Heller RF, Zwahlen M. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet. 2008;371(9612):569–578.
19. Aune D, Greenwood DC, Chan DSM, et al. Body mass index, abdominal fatness and pancreatic cancer risk: a systematic review and non-linear dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Ann Oncol. 2012;23(4):843–852.
20. Campbell-Scherer D, Sharma AM. Improving obesity prevention and management in primary care in Canada. Curr. Obes. Rep. 2016;5:327–332. doi: 10.1007/s13679-016-0222-y.
21. Rodondi N, et al. Counselling overweight and obese patients in primary care: a prospective cohort study. Eur. J. Cardiovas. Prev. Rehabil. 2006;13:222–228.
22. Hite A, Victorson D, Elue R, Plunkett BA. An exploration of barriers facing physicians in diagnosing and treating obesity. Am. J. Health Promot. 2018 .
23. Hebert JR, Allison DB, Archer E, Lavie CJ, Blair SN. Scientific decision making, policy decisions, and the obesity pandemic. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2013;88:593–604.
24. Oliveros E, Somers VK, Sochor O, Goel K, Lopez-Jimenez F. The concept of normal weight obesity. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2014;56:426–433.
25. Daniel, Nicola. Seminar in Biology. Vitamins, National Center for Distinguished People, Syrian Arab Republic 2014, pp. 10-12.
26. 26-Adnan Al Shaikh1, Khaled Aseri1, Fayssal Farahat1, Bahaa A. Abaalkhail2, Ibrahim Kaddam1, Yousef Salih3, Ali Al Qarni4, Ahmed Al Shuaibi4, Waleed Tamimi3. Prevalence of obesity and overweight among school-aged children in saudi arabia and its association with vitamin D status. Acta Biomed 2020; Vol. 91, N.4: e20201333.
27. Issa, A.M. and Ibraheem, S.A. Alterations of vitamin" D" level in sera of Iraqi population. J kerbala Univ. 2007;5(1):58-64.
28. Darwish, L.A.A.I.Vitamin D status in healthy femal individuals .AL-KufaUnversityJ.Bio. 2018;10(1):11-9.
29. Gordon, C.M.; DePeter, K.C.; Feldman, H.A.; Grace, E. and Emans, S.J. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy adolescents. Arch Pediat Adol Med. 2004;158(6):531-7.
30. Sharawat, I.; Sitaraman, S. and Dawman, L. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Healthy School Children in Jaipur District, Rajasthan, India. Int J Pediat. 2015;3(4-2):801.
31. Kaddam, I.M.; Al-Shaikh, A.M.; Abaalkhail, B.A et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in three regions of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Saudi Med J. 2017;38(4):381-90.
32. Shin, Y.H.; Kim, K.E.; Lee, C et al. High prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in young adolescents in Korea. Eur J Pediatr. 2012;171(10):1475-80.
33. Moussavi, M.; Heidarpour, R.; Aminorroaya, A.; Pournaghshband, Z. and Amini, M. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Isfahani high school students in 2004. Horm Res Paediat. 2005;64(3):144-8.
34. Jhon, G.R. competitive protein binding redio assay for 25(OH) D3. J.Clin. Endocr.Metab.1971;33:992-5.
35. Holick H. L. Biochemistry and physiology-Aspect of Nutrition. 4th Ed. Mosbey 2004.
36. M Pereira-Santos, P R F Costa, A M O Assis, C A S T Santos, D B Santos. Obesity and vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;2015. Apr;16(4):341-9.
37. Lara Fonseca de Oliveira, Lucas Guimarães de Azevedo.et al. Obesity and overweight decreases the effect of vitamin D supplementation in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Campus Universitário do Canela, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-040, Brazil. . 2020 Mar;21(1):67-76.
38. Fiamenghi, Elza Daniel de Mello. Vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents with obesity: a meta-analysis. Jornal de Pediatria . Volume 97, Issue 3, May–June 2021, Pages 273-279.
39. Al-Samarraie, M. Q., Mokdadhatamabdulwahed, A., Mustafa, M. A., Alkanaani, M. I., Abdulateef, I. D., Hameed, R. S., & Ibrahim, Z. M. (2021). Vitamin D Deficiency and It Relation with Weight, Age and Gender in Number of Men and Women in Samarra City. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 257-263.
40. J. Wortsman, L.Y. Matsuoka, T.C. Chen, Z. Lu, M.F. Holick Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity Am J Clin Nutr, 72 (2000), pp. 690-693.
41. Sabrina Ait Gacem and Moyad Jamal Shahwan. Vitamin D and Obesity. All content following this page was uploaded by Sabrina Ait Gacem on 29 November 2019.
42. Lee K, Kim J: Serum vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis (https://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.3.329). Nutr Res Pract. 2021, 15:329-45.
43. Kheiri B, Abdalla A, Osman M, Ahmed S, Hassan M, Bachuwa G: Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a narrative review (https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-018-0094-4). Clin Hypertens. 2018, 24:9. 10.1186/s40885-018-0094-4 (https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-018-0094-4).
44. Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Costela-Ruiz VJ, García-Recio E, De Luna-Bertos E, Ruiz C, Illescas-Montes R: Role of vitamin D in the metabolic syndrome (https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030830). Nutrients. 2021, 13:830. 10.3390/nu13030830 (https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030830).
45. Deeb, KK, Trump DL, Johnson CS. Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics. Nature reviews cancer. 2007 Sep;7(9):684.
46. Abdulwahed, A. M. H., Alkanaani, M. I., Alsamarrai, A. H., Hamad, M. A. M., Dakheel, A., & Al-Samarraie, M. Q. (2020). Determination of some visfatin hormone level and lipid profilein some breast cancer patients in Samarra city. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Health, 23, 265-267.
47. Carnevale V., Modoni S., Pileri M., Di Giorgio A., Chiodini I., Minisola S., Vieth R., Scillitani A. Longitudinal evaluation of vitamin D status in healthy subjects from southern Italy: Seasonal and gender differences. Osteoporos. Int. 2001;12:1026–1030.
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Jun 21, 2022
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Shafaq Abbas Muhammad Al-Samarrai, & Abdul Monaim Hamad Majeed Al-Samarrai. (2022). Evaluation of vitamin D3 among overweight and obese school students in Samarra city. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 29(02), 171–177. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.969
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