IGG and IGM response in a group of Iraqi health care worker following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
Main Article Content
Keywords
COVID-19, IgG , IgM
Abstract
The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Positive detection of IgM and IgG antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 has been recognized as an evidence for confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination.
Method: One hundred healthy health care workers from both genders over eighteen years old were participated to test their humeral response (IgG, IgM) after vaccinated with Pfizer vaccine in the vaccination center Baghdad Teaching Hospital after one week of the second shot, and one hundred healthy health care workers with matched age and gender had test of their humeral response (IgG, IgM) before they get vaccinated (control), both groups deny recent COVID-19 infection.
Result: Our finding shows that increase antibody responses of both (IgG, IgM) following vaccination with lesser extent increase of IgM titer than the obvious increase IgG titer in our entire participant compared with control.
Conclusion our result support that the vaccine successful in production of humoral immunity and protection against COVID-19 infection.
References
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22. Xu, Q. Y., Xie, L., Zheng, X. Q., Liang, X. M., Jia, Z. J., Liu, Y. Y., ... & Lin, L. R. (2023). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM Secondary Response Was Suppressed by Preexisting Immunity in Vaccinees: A Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort Study over 456 Days. Vaccines, 11(1), 188.
23. Jalkanen, P., Kolehmainen, P., Häkkinen, H. K., Huttunen, M., Tähtinen, P. A., Lundberg, R., ... & Julkunen, I. (2021). COVID-19 mRNA vaccine induced antibody responses against three SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nature communications, 12(1), 3991.
24. Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou, Yan-di Zhang, Qing Lei, Xiao-song Lin, Zong-jie Yao, Hui Fu, Le-yong Yuan & Xiong-lin Fan, Human IgM and IgG Responses to an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine, Current Medical Science volume 41, pages1081–1086 (2021).
25. Jassim, F. K.; Kareem, A. K.; Khadairi, M. M.; Mera, N. A…, Study of IgG and IgM antibody response afterPfizer mRNA Vaccine first dose in Previously infected with COVID-19and uninfected individuals, NeuroQuantology ; 20(8):7591-7595, 2022.
2. Wolfe, N.D., C.P. Dunavan, and J. Diamond, Origins of major human infectious diseases. Nature, 2007. 447(7142): p. 279-283.
3. Stern, P.L., Key steps in vaccine development. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 2020. 125(1): p. 17-27.
4. Liu, A., et al., Antibody responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 in COVID‐19 patients. Journal of medical virology, 2021. 93(1): p. 144.
5. Amanat, F., et al., A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans. Nature medicine, 2020. 26(7): p. 1033-1036.
6. Long, Q.-X., et al., Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19. Nature medicine, 2020. 26(6): p. 845-848.
7. Feldstein, L.R., et al., Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in US children and adolescents. New England Journal of Medicine, 2020. 383(4): p. 334-346.
8. Polack, F. P., Thomas, S. J., Kitchin, N., Absalon, J., Gurtman, A., Lockhart, S., ... & Gruber, W. C. (2020). Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. New England journal of medicine, 383(27), 2603-2615.
9. Baden, L. R., El Sahly, H. M., Essink, B., Kotloff, K., Frey, S., Novak, R., ... & Zaks, T. (2021). Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. New England journal of medicine, 384(5), 403-416.
10. Bradley, T., Grundberg, E., Selvarangan, R., LeMaster, C., Fraley, E., Banerjee, D., ... & Schuster, J. (2021). Antibody responses after a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(20), 1959-1961.1
11. Krammer, F., Srivastava, K., Alshammary, H., Amoako, A. A., Awawda, M. H., Beach, K. F., ... & Simon, V. (2021). Antibody responses in seropositive persons after a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(14), 1372-1374.
12. Manisty, C., Otter, A. D., Treibel, T. A., McKnight, Á., Altmann, D. M., Brooks, T., ... & Moon, J. C. (2021). Antibody response to first BNT162b2 dose in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. The Lancet, 397(10279), 1057-1058.
13. Saadat, S., Tehrani, Z. R., Logue, J., Newman, M., Frieman, M. B., Harris, A. D., & Sajadi, M. M. (2021). Binding and neutralization antibodytiters after a single vaccine dose in health care workers previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Jama, 325(14), 1467-1469.
14. Ruggiero, A., Piubelli, C., Calciano, L., Accordini, S., Valenti, M. T., Dalle Carbonare, L., ... & Zipeto, D. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 vaccination elicits unconventional IgM specific responses in naïve and previously COVID-19-infected individuals. EBioMedicine, 77, 103888.
15. Long, Q. X., Liu, B. Z., Deng, H. J., Wu, G. C., Deng, K., Chen, Y. K., ... & Huang, A. L. (2020). Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19. Nature medicine, 26(6), 845-848.
16. Piccoli, L., Park, Y. J., Tortorici, M. A., Czudnochowski, N., Walls, A. C., Beltramello, M., ... & Veesler, D. (2020). Mapping neutralizing and immunodominant sites on the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain by structure-guided high-resolution serology. Cell, 183(4), 1024-1042.
17. Suthar, M. S., Zimmerman, M. G., Kauffman, R. C., Mantus, G., Linderman, S. L., Hudson, W. H., ... & Wrammert, J. (2020). Rapid generation of neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19 patients. Cell Reports Medicine, 1(3), 100040.
18. Premkumar, L., Segovia-Chumbez, B., Jadi, R., Martinez, D. R., Raut, R., Markmann, A. J., ... & de Silva, A. M. (2020). The receptor-binding domain of the viral spike protein is an immunodominant and highly specific target of antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Science immunology, 5(48), eabc8413.
19. Isho, B., Abe, K. T., Zuo, M., Jamal, A. J., Rathod, B., Wang, J. H., ... & Gingras, A. C. (2020). Persistence of serum and saliva antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens in COVID-19 patients. Science immunology, 5(52), eabe5511.
20. Seow, J., Graham, C., Merrick, B., Acors, S., Pickering, S., Steel, K. J., ... & Doores, K. J. (2020). Longitudinal observation and decline of neutralizing antibody responses in the three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Nature microbiology, 5(12), 1598-1607.
21. Karachaliou, M., Moncunill, G., Espinosa, A., Castaño-Vinyals, G., Rubio, R., Vidal, M., ... & Dobaño, C. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination, and antibody response trajectories in adults: a cohort study in Catalonia. BMC medicine, 20(1), 1-16.
22. Xu, Q. Y., Xie, L., Zheng, X. Q., Liang, X. M., Jia, Z. J., Liu, Y. Y., ... & Lin, L. R. (2023). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM Secondary Response Was Suppressed by Preexisting Immunity in Vaccinees: A Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort Study over 456 Days. Vaccines, 11(1), 188.
23. Jalkanen, P., Kolehmainen, P., Häkkinen, H. K., Huttunen, M., Tähtinen, P. A., Lundberg, R., ... & Julkunen, I. (2021). COVID-19 mRNA vaccine induced antibody responses against three SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nature communications, 12(1), 3991.
24. Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou, Yan-di Zhang, Qing Lei, Xiao-song Lin, Zong-jie Yao, Hui Fu, Le-yong Yuan & Xiong-lin Fan, Human IgM and IgG Responses to an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine, Current Medical Science volume 41, pages1081–1086 (2021).
25. Jassim, F. K.; Kareem, A. K.; Khadairi, M. M.; Mera, N. A…, Study of IgG and IgM antibody response afterPfizer mRNA Vaccine first dose in Previously infected with COVID-19and uninfected individuals, NeuroQuantology ; 20(8):7591-7595, 2022.
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Published
Apr 11, 2023
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How to Cite
Amar Kasim Muhamad, & Russell A. Abo-Altemen. (2023). IGG and IGM response in a group of Iraqi health care worker following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(6), 356–360. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.06.040
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