The Effect of Acesulfame k and Aspartame as Sweetener Materials in Food Products on Body Parameters of Rats
Main Article Content
Keywords
Food additives, Artificial sweeteners, Acesulfame potassium, Aspartame, Physiological parameters
Abstract
The objective of the current study is to highlight the effects of acesulfame k and aspartame as sweetener materials in food products on a variety of rat parameters. In this study determined insulin hormone,T3, T4, and testosterone hormone levels, glucose, urea, creatinine, and the lipid profile and the uric acid concentration in blood serum was determined. The results revealed that there was no significant change in insulin level, testosterone hormone, T3 hormones and T4 hormones in the group of acesulfame k, but a significant increase in the aspartame group when compared to the placebo group. In comparison to control rats, urea and creatinine levels increased significantly in the acesulfame k group and also significantly in the aspartame group. The current study found a significant decrease in acesulfame k and aspartame group animals compared to control animals. There was no significant difference between the acesulfame k and aspartame groups. The experiment clearly demonstrated that acesulfame k has lower effects than aspartame and that it is necessary to avoid the use of artificial sweeteners due to the numerous obvious and dangerous effects on hormones, lipid profile, protein profile, and multiple physiological parameters of the body.
References
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33. Jang W, Jeoung NH, Cho K. Modified apolipoprotein (apo) A-I by artificial sweetener causes severe premature cellular senescence and atherosclerosis with impairment of functional and structural properties of apoA-I in lipid-free and lipid-bound state. Mol. Cells. 2011; 31: 461-470.
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35. Yousef MI, Omar SA, El-Guendi MI et al. Potential protective effects of quercetin and curcumin on paracetamol-induced histological changes, oxidative stress, impaired liver and kidney functions and haematotoxicity in rat. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2010; 48: 3246-3261
36. Helal EGE, El-Sayed RAA, Mustafa MA et al . Adverse effects of two kinds of food additive mixtures (flavor enhancer, food preservative or food coloring agent) on physiological parameters in young male albino rats. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 2017; 67 (1): 344- 351.
2. Findikli Z, Turkoglu S. Determination of the effects of some artificial sweeteners on human peripheral lymphocytes using the comet assay. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences. 2017; 6 (8): 147-153.
3. Ebraheim LL. and Metwally MM. Long term intake of aspartame and hepatocellular injury in rabbit. ZUMJ. 2016; 22(2): 90-98.
4. Helal, Eman GE, et al. "The influence of acesulfame-k and aspartame on some physiological parameters in male albino rats." The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2019; 75.1: 1976-1981.
5. Azeez O and Alkass S. effect of long-term consumption of aspartame on body weight, blood glucose, lipid profile, and kidney and liver fuction in rats. International Journal of Current Advanced Research. 2018; 7 (1): 14464-14474.
6. Abu-Taweel GM. effect of monosodium glutamate and aspartame on behavioral and biochemical parameters of male albino mice. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2016;15 (15): 601-612.
7. Humphries, Petro, E. Pretorius, and H. Naude. "Direct and indirect cellular effects of aspartame on the brain." European journal of clinical nutrition. 2008; 62.4 451-462.
8. Magnuson, B. A., et al. "Aspartame: a safety evaluation based on current use levels, regulations, and toxicological and epidemiological studies." Critical reviews in toxicology. 2007; 37.8; 629-727.
9. Singh, Priyanka, et al. "Sugar and Sugar Substitutes: Recent Developments and Future Prospects." Sugar and Sugar Derivatives: Changing Consumer Preferences. 2020; 39-75.
10. Gilbert, Penelope A., and Santosh Khokhar "Changing dietary habits of ethnic groups in Europe and implications for health." Nutrition reviews. 2008; 66.4; 203-215.
11. Rosales-Gómez CA, Martínez-Carrillo BE, Reséndiz-Albor AA et al. Chronic Consumption of Sweeteners and Its Effect on Glycaemia, Cytokines, Hormones, and Lymphocytes of GALT in CD1 Mice. 2018; https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1345282
12. Alsoufi, Mohammed A., Raghad A. Aziz, and Zainab G. Hussein. "Effect of some artificial sweeteners consumption in biochemical parameters of rats." Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2017; 5.3; 1095-1099.
13. Helal, Eman GE, et al "The influence of acesulfame-k and aspartame on some physiological parameters in male albino rats." The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2019; 75.1: 1976-1981.
14. Gupta S, Mahajan V, Mahajan Sh et al. Artificial sweeteners. JK Sci., 2012;14(1): 2-4. www.jkscience.org.
15. Mattes RD. and Popkin BM. Nonnutritive sweetener consumption in humans: effects on appetite and food intake and their putative mechanisms. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89:1-14.
16. Díaz-Bonilla, E. Lost in translation: the fractured conversation about trade and food security. 2015.
17. Mann JI, De Leeuw I, Hermansen, K et al . Evidence based nutritional approaches to the treatment and prevention of diabetes mellitus. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis.. 2004;14(6):373-394.
18. Nuttall FQ, Schweim KJ, Gannon MC. Effect of orally administered phenylalanine with and without glucose on insulin, glucagon and glucose concentrations. Hormone and Metabolic Research. 2016;38 (8): 518-23.
19. Yang Q. Gain weight by “going diet?” Artificial sweeteners and the neurobiology of sugarcravings. Yale J Biol Med.2010;83: 101-108.
20. Trocho C, Pardo R, Rafecas I et al. Formaldehyde derived from dietary aspartame binds to tissue components in vivo. Life Sci. 1998; 63: 337-349.
21. Patel KG, Bhatt HV, Choudhury AR. Alteration in thyroid after formaldehyde (HCHO) treatment in rats. Ind Health. 2021;41: 295-297.
22. Sachmechi I, Khalid A, Awan S I et al. Autoimmune Thyroiditis with Hypothyroidism Induced by Sugar Substitutes. Cureus. 2018; 10 (9): e3268.
23. Sun Y, Hsu H, Lue S et al. Sex-Specific impairment in sexual and ingestive behaviors of monosodium glutamate-Treated rats. Physiol. Behav. 1991; 50: 873-880.
24. Terry LC, Epelbaum J, Martin JB. Monosodium glutamate: acute and chronic effects on rhythmic growth hormone and prolactin secretion, and somatostatin in the undisturbed male rat. Brain Res. 1981; 217: 129-142.
25. Leibowitz SF (1980). Neurochemical systems of the hypothalamus- control of feeding and drinking behaviour and water electrolyte excretion. In: Handbook of the Hypothalamus. Eds. P.J. Morgane, and J. Panksepp, Marcel Dekker, New York. 1980; pp: 299-343.
26. Kelesidis, Theodore, et al. "Narrative review: the role of leptin in human physiology: emerging clinical applications." Annals of internal medicine. 2010; 152.2; 93-100.
27. Caro JF, Sinha MK, Kolaczynski JW et al . Leptin. The tale of an obesity gene. Diabetes. 1996; 45: 1455-1462.
28. Feijo FM, Ballard CR, Foletto KC et al . Saccharin and aspartame, compared with sucrose, induce greater weight gain in adult Wistar rats, at similar total caloric intake levels. Appetite. 2013; 60: 203-207.
29. Abdallah IZA. Physiological changes induced by long term administration of saccharin compared with aspartame to male albino rats. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2002; 8: 70-81.
30. Chaitanya KV, Pathan AAK, Mazumdar SS et al. Role of oxidative stress in human health. An overview. . J Pharm Res 2010.; 3: 330-1333.
31. AbdElwahab AH, Yousuf AF, Ramadan BK et al. Comparative effects of stevia rebaudiana and aspartame on hepato-renal function of diabetic rats: biochemical and histological approaches. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2017; 7 (8): 34-42.
32. Prokić MD, Paunović MG, Matić MM et al. Effect of aspartame on biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in rat blood. Arch. Biol. Sci. 2015; 67 (2), 535-545.
33. Jang W, Jeoung NH, Cho K. Modified apolipoprotein (apo) A-I by artificial sweetener causes severe premature cellular senescence and atherosclerosis with impairment of functional and structural properties of apoA-I in lipid-free and lipid-bound state. Mol. Cells. 2011; 31: 461-470.
34. Feng H, Li X . Dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein. Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes. Obes 2009.; 16 (2): 156–162.
35. Yousef MI, Omar SA, El-Guendi MI et al. Potential protective effects of quercetin and curcumin on paracetamol-induced histological changes, oxidative stress, impaired liver and kidney functions and haematotoxicity in rat. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2010; 48: 3246-3261
36. Helal EGE, El-Sayed RAA, Mustafa MA et al . Adverse effects of two kinds of food additive mixtures (flavor enhancer, food preservative or food coloring agent) on physiological parameters in young male albino rats. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 2017; 67 (1): 344- 351.
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Published
Apr 5, 2023
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How to Cite
Dhakam Mohammed Abbas, Rusul Abdulhameed Kadhim, & Sameeha Naser Abed. (2023). The Effect of Acesulfame k and Aspartame as Sweetener Materials in Food Products on Body Parameters of Rats. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(5), 607–614. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.05.060
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