Prevalence of Coronary Aneurysm in Patients Undergoing PCI with Stenting
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Keywords
Coronary artery aneurysm, percutaneous coronary intervention, stenting, prevalence, Pakistan
Abstract
Background: Though rare, coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) is a serious potential complication of PCI (stenting). The incidence is highly variable from one population to the next, from 0.3% to 6.0%. The prevalence of drug-eluting stent associated CAA has been reported to range from 0.2% to 2.3%, and is increasing as the use of drug-eluting stents (DES) has risen. However, there is still limited data of Pakistani population.
Objective: To find the prevalence, clinical features, angiographic features, and short term outcome of coronary artery aneurysm in patients who had PCI with stenting during one-year period at Nowshera Medical College/Qazi Husain Ahmad Medical Complex hospital Nowshera.
Methodology: Prospective observational study, conducted in Department of Cardiology, Qazi Husain Ahmad Medical Complex hospital Nowshera from 01st January 2022 to 31st December 2022. In all 250 patients were enrolled who had received PCI with stenting. Luminal dimunition was considered to be luminal dilatation greater than 50% of the adjacent reference vessel diameter (RVD). All patients were clinically assessed, and had laboratory tests and follow-up coronary angiography or CT coronary angiography at 6–12 months. All the analysis of data was performed under the SPSS version 26.0.
Results: Of the 250 patients, 7 patients (2.8%) had CAA. The average age of the patients was 58.4 ± 9.2 years and male predominance (71.4%). In 85.7% of the CAA cases, drug-eluting stents were employed. The most frequent location was the right coronary artery (42.9%) followed by the left anterior descending artery (28.6%). During follow-up MACE were seen in 28.6% of CAA patients.
Conclusion: The rate of coronary artery aneurysm after PCI with stenting in our population was 2.8%, which was within the lower range of the international reports. Common factors associated with DES implantation were male gender and involvement of the RCA.Coronary artery aneurysm is a relatively rare condition, which occurs in 0.5% of cases of stenting and it is relatively uncommon in Pakistan.
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