"ORAL HEALTH STATUS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA"
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Keywords
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Abstract
Introduction
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder associated with poor oral health, which can significantly impact patients' quality of life (QoL). However, the extent of this impact and the relationship between oral health and QoL in schizophrenia patients remain underexplored. This study aimed to assess the oral health status and its association with QoL in patients with schizophrenia.
Materials and Method
A total of 110 schizophrenia patients were included in this cross-sectional study, conducted at MMIMSR, Mullana. Demographic and clinical data were collected through structured interviews. Oral health was assessed using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), and salivary flow rate. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) was used to evaluate QoL. Statistical analyses, including correlation tests and subgroup comparisons, were performed using SPSS version 16.
Results
The mean DMFT score was 14.2 ± 4.3, with high rates of decayed (mean 8.6 ± 2.5) and missing teeth (mean 4.1 ± 1.8) , filled (1.5 ± 1.2) . Gingival inflammation was moderate to severe in 63% of participants (mean GI 2.1 ± 0.7). The mean OHIP-14 score was 33.2 ± 7.8, indicating a significant impact on QoL, especially in the domains of functional limitation and psychological discomfort. A positive correlation was found between DMFT, GI, PI, and OHIP-14 scores (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Schizophrenia patients experience significant oral health problems that adversely affect their quality of life. These findings highlight the need for integrated oral health care in the management of schizophrenia. Oral health education and preventive measures are essential to improve both oral health and overall well-being in this population.
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Dr. Shalu Chandna Bathla
Senior Lecturer Dept. of Periodontics, M.M. College of Dental Science and Research, Mullana, Ambala
Dr. Manish Bathla
Assistant Professor Dept. of Psychiatry, M. Institute of Medical Science and Research, Mullana, Ambala
