"ORAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH: ASSESSING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE"
Main Article Content
Keywords
Psychiatric disorders, periodontal disease, xerostomia, oral health, psychotropic medications, mental health.
Abstract
Introduction
Mental health and oral health are interconnected, yet the relationship between psychiatric disorders and periodontal disease remains insufficiently explored. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder are prevalent and often linked to poor oral hygiene, which may lead to periodontal disease. This study aimed to assess the correlation between psychiatric disorders and periodontal disease among psychiatric patients.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study included 80 participants (mean age 38.2 ± 9.5 years) diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Participants were assessed using standardized psychiatric scales and a clinical oral examination to evaluate periodontal disease, including clinical attachment level (CAL), Probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). The impact of psychotropic medications on periodontal health was also evaluated.
Results
The study found that 80% of participants had periodontal disease, with 45% presenting moderate and 35% severe disease. A significant positive correlation was found between psychiatric symptom severity and periodontal disease, with depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia linked to worse oral health outcomes (r = 0.45, p < 0.001 for CAL, r = 0.41, p = 0.001 for BOP). Additionally, 45% of participants reported xerostomia as a side effect of psychotropic medications, which was associated with severe periodontal disease.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates a strong association between psychiatric disorders and periodontal disease, with psychotropic medications exacerbating oral health issues. Integrated care addressing both mental and oral health is crucial for improving health outcomes in individuals with psychiatric conditions.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Dr. Shalu Chandna Bathla
Senior Lecturer Dept. of Periodontics, M.M. College of Dental Science and Research, Mullana, Ambala
Dr. Manish Bathla
Assistant Professor Dept. of Psychiatry, M. Institute of Medical Science and Research, Mullana, Ambala
