PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL CORRELATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN RURAL SOUTH INDIAN POPULATIONS: A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
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Keywords
Metabolic Syndrome, Rural Health, NCEP-ATP III, South India, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension.
Abstract
Background: The epidemiological transition in India has led to a significant rise in non-communicable diseases within rural communities. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a cluster of conditions including abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, is no longer confined to urban centers. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS and its clinical correlations among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in rural Telangana.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, involving 400 adult subjects (aged 30–70 years) visiting the General Medicine Outpatient Department. MetS was diagnosed using the Modified NCEP-ATP III criteria tailored for South Asians. Clinical assessments included blood pressure and waist circumference, while biochemical parameters included fasting plasma glucose and lipid profiles.
Results: The overall prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome was found to be 28.5%. A higher prevalence was observed in females (31.2%) compared to males (25.8%). The most frequent component identified was low HDL-C (62%), followed by abdominal obesity (54%) and hypertension (48%). A significant positive correlation was observed between increasing age and the number of metabolic components (p < 0.001). Furthermore, sedentary lifestyle and poor dietary habits were identified as significant clinical correlates (OR = 2.4, 95\% CI: 1.8–3.2) contributing to the metabolic burden.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in this rural cohort highlights an urgent need for community-based screening and early intervention. Public health strategies should focus on lifestyle modification and periodic monitoring of blood pressure and lipid levels to mitigate the looming risk of cardiovascular diseases in rural South India.
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Dr. Naineni Prakash Mahesh Kumar
Assistant Professor, Department Of General Medicine, Kamineni Institute Of Medical Science
