CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF NEONATES ADMITTED TO NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
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Keywords
Infant, Newborn Neonatal Intensive Care Units, Infant Mortality, Morbidity, Premature Birth
Abstract
Background: Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) play a vital role in managing critically ill and premature newborns. Evaluating the clinical profile and outcomes of neonates admitted to the NICU helps in identifying common health issues, planning effective interventions, and improving neonatal survival rates.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College, Amravati, during 2022 and 2024. A total of 262 neonates admitted to the NICU were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent from parents. Data on demographic details, clinical profile, mode and place of delivery, Apgar score, diagnosis, interventions (including ventilatory support, phototherapy, and antibiotics), and outcomes were collected using a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v17, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: This study included 262 neonates admitted to the NICU. Most were males (57.3%), admitted within 24 hours (70.2%), and born by cesarean section (58%). Low birth weight (54.6%) and prematurity (35.5%) were leading reasons for admission. Most stayed 4–7 days in NICU. Discharge rate was 90.5%, and mortality was 5.7%. Ventilated neonates had better outcomes than non-ventilated ones. Common infections were due to MRSA and Klebsiella. Main complications included pneumonia and ROP. Prematurity with low birth weight, sepsis, and RDS were major causes of death.
Conclusion: Prematurity, low birth weight, and infections were the leading causes of NICU admission and mortality. Early intervention, appropriate ventilation support, and infection control are essential to improving neonatal outcomes.
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Dr. Nilesh Dnyaneshwar Pachakawade
Assistant Professor at Department of Paediatrics, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College & Hospital, Amravati, Maharashtra, India,
Dr. Ruturaj Raosaheb Deshmukh
Assistant Professor at Department of Paediatrics, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College & Hospital, Amravati, Maharashtra, India,
Dr. Amit Ravindra Rudrakar
Assistant Professor at Department of Paediatrics, Dr. Rajendra Gode Medical College, Amravati, Maharashtra, India,
