MONITORING LIPID PROFILE IN DIABETES MELLITUS, CAD AND HEALTH
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Keywords
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, lipid profile, glycemic control, cardiovascular risk.
Abstract
The pathophysiology of cardiovascular problems is significantly influenced by aberrant lipid profiles, which remain linked to both diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD). An increased level of Low-Density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides and low levels of High-Density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) also plays a role in increasing atherosclerosis among diabetic patients. The study aims at determining the role of lipid abnormalities in cardiovascular risk by conducting a study that will evaluate lipid profiles and glycemic control among South Indian patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as well as CAD. It was a cross-sectional observational study involving 500 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and/or CAD in a tertiary care hospital in South India. HbA1c level was 8.97 on average indicating poor glycemic control. No major differences were established between patients who had CAD and those who had none meaning that CAD did not have a major impact on lipid profiles or glycemic control. There were weak correlations between Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipid parameters, which means these parameters remain controlled independently. The diabetic patients with CAD had prevalence of lipid abnormalities, especially increased LDL-C and triglycerides. There was little influence of glycemic control on lipid profiles indicating that other factors including insulin resistance and genetic predisposition remain very instrumental in lipid abnormalities. This highlights the importance of lipid management of South Indian patients to minimize cardiovascular risks. Research is in its infancy to examine genetic and environmental determinants of the lipid metabolism of this population.
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Dr. N. Padma Ramachandran
MD,PGDFM,DFID(CMC Vellore) Professor and HOD Physiology, PIMS, Walayar, India,
Abhishek P. R.
JCET Student, Palakkad, India
Dr. Archana P. R.
Nila Dental Studio, Chennai, India