STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF OVARIAN LESIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Main Article Content
Keywords
Ovary, Neoplastic lesions, Non-neoplastic lesions, Serous cystadenoma, Histopathology, Ovarian tumor, WHO classification, Age distribution
Abstract
Ovarian lesions encompass a wide spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic disorders with variable morphology and clinical behavior. Because many lesions remain asymptomatic until an advanced stage, histopathological examination remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis, classification, and management planning.
Objectives:
To study the histopathological spectrum of ovarian lesions, assess their age distribution, and analyze the association between age and tumor behavior in specimens received at a tertiary care center.
Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Maharaja’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram, from January 2020 to August 2021. A total of 48 ovarian specimens were examined. Gross and microscopic features were studied, and lesions were classified as non-neoplastic, benign, borderline, or malignant according to the WHO 2020 classification. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the Chi-square test was applied to assess the association between age and tumor behavior.
Results:
Out of 48 cases, 35 (72.91%) were neoplastic and 13 (27.08%) were non-neoplastic. Benign tumors predominated (88.57%), followed by malignant (8.57%) and borderline (2.85%) lesions. Among benign neoplasms, serous cystadenoma (51.42%) was the most common, followed by mucinous cystadenoma (20%) and benign cystic teratoma (17.14%). Non-neoplastic lesions were mainly cystic follicles (38.46%) and follicular cysts (23.07%). The majority of lesions occurred in women aged 31–50 years. A statistically significant association was found between age and tumor behavior (χ² = 10.8; p = 0.046).
Conclusion:
Benign surface epithelial tumors constituted the majority of ovarian neoplasms, with a higher frequency among women in the reproductive and perimenopausal age groups. Malignant tumors were less common but showed a clear predilection for older age. Histopathological evaluation remains indispensable for accurate diagnosis and prognostication of ovarian lesions.
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Dr. P. Srilakshmi
Assistant Professor Department of Pathology Sri Balaji Medical College and Hospital
Renigunta, Airport Road, Tirupati District, Andhra Pradesh-517520
Dr. Omkar Rama Krishna Puvvala
Associate professor Department of Pathology Xavier University School of Medicine
Santa Helenastraat 23, Oranjestad, Aruba(Netherlands Caribbean)
Dr. G. Nadeswari
Assistant Professor Department of Pathology Sri Balaji Medical College and Hospital
Renigunta, Airport Road, Tirupati District,Andhra Pradesh. PIN code: 517520
