TRIDOSHA AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
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Keywords
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Abstract
Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, sees health as the balance of three basic physiological principles known as Tridosha: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. These Doshas control biological, psychological, and pathological processes in the body. Modern molecular biology and systems biology have started to explore similarities between these traditional ideas and genetic, biochemical, and metabolic profiles. This review aims to connect Ayurvedic concepts of Tridosha with molecular mechanisms, gene expression, and cellular regulation. It provides a link between traditional physiology and modern biomedical science. [1], [2]
References
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11. Rotti, H., Raval, R., Anchan, S., & Shukla, M. (2014). Determinants of Prakriti, the human constitution types of Indian traditional medicine and its correlation with genomic diversity. PLoS ONE, 9(8), e105875.
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20. Wallace, R. K. (2020). Tridosha and modern physiology: A biochemical correlation. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 18(2), 88–94.
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27. Tiwari, S., & Prasher, B. (2020). Systems biology and Tridosha: A transcriptomic review. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 151(6), 567–573.
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29. Hankey, A. (2015). Integrating Ayurveda and modern science: Systems homeostasis as Dosha Samya. Ancient Science of Life, 34(3), 117–123.
30. Patwardhan, B., & Gautam, M. (2020). Integrative Ayurveda: A systems biology approach. Phytomedicine, 79(4), 153–172.
31. Kshirsagar, S., & Thatte, U. (2021). Homeostasis and Tridosha equilibrium: An Ayurvedic reinterpretation. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 13(1), 34–42.
32. Charaka Samhita, Sutra Sthana 9/4, edited by P. V. Sharma (2001). Chaukhambha Orientalia.
33. Sharma, H., & Patil, R. (2023). Dosha Vaishamya and oxidative stress: Bridging Ayurveda and molecular pathology. AYU, 44(2), 155–164.
34. Mukerji, M., & Prasher, B. (2024). Future directions in Ayurgenomics: Towards molecular validation of Prakriti. Nature India Perspectives, 18(2), 110–118.
2. Prasher, B., Negi, S., Aggarwal, S., Mandal, A. K., Sethi, T. P., Deshmukh, S. R., & Mukerji, M. (2008). Whole genome expression and biochemical correlates of extreme constitutional types defined in Ayurveda. Journal of Translational Medicine, 6(48), 1–16.
3. Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, revised by Charaka and Dridhabala, Sutra Sthana 1/57–60, edited by P. V. Sharma (2001). Chaukhambha Orientalia.
4. Sushruta Samhita, Sharira Sthana 4/4–5, with Dalhana commentary, edited by K. R. Srikantha Murthy (2000). Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy.
5. Ashtanga Hridaya, Sutra Sthana 11/1–3, edited by Harishastri Paradkar (2013). Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan.
6. Sharma, H., & Chandola, H. M. (2011). Tridosha theory and its scientific validation. Ayu, 32(1), 7–11.
7. Ahn, A. C., Tewari, M., Poon, C. S., & Phillips, R. S. (2006). The limits of reductionism in medicine: Systems biology and integrative approaches to human physiology. Nature Medicine, 12(8), 861–865.
8. Bhushan, P., Kalpana, J., & Arvind, C. (2005). Classification of human population based on HLA gene polymorphism and the concept of Prakriti in Ayurveda. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 11(3), 349–353.
9. Hankey, A. (2010). Establishing the scientific validity of Tridosha, Part 1: Doshas, Subdoshas and Dosha–Dhatu–Mala relationships. Ancient Science of Life, 29(3), 6–18.
10. Mukerji, M. (2023). Ayurgenomics: A roadmap for personalised medicine in India. Frontiers in Genetics, 14, 114–127.
11. Rotti, H., Raval, R., Anchan, S., & Shukla, M. (2014). Determinants of Prakriti, the human constitution types of Indian traditional medicine and its correlation with genomic diversity. PLoS ONE, 9(8), e105875.
12. Juyal, R., Negi, S., & Prasher, B. (2012). Ayurgenomics: A new approach in personalised and predictive medicine. Science and Culture, 78(10), 433–439.
13. Dwivedi, L. N. (1996). Sharira Kriya Vigyanam. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan.
14. Dalhana, on Sushruta Samhita (Sharira Sthana), commentary in Nibandha Sangraha, ed. Acharya Yadavji Trikamji (2005). Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan.
15. Hankey, A. (2011). The scientific basis of Ayurveda: The dosha theory and its correlation with physiology. Integrative Medicine Research, 1(1), 20–28.
16. Aggarwal, S., Prasher, B., & Mukerji, M. (2010). Ayurgenomics: A new way of understanding molecular individuality. Current Science, 99(12), 1548–1555.
17. Sharma, A., & Singh, R. H. (2017). Molecular correlates of Vata Prakriti: Gene expression and neurophysiological interpretation. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 8(3), 213–222.
18. Rai, R., & Bhonde, R. (2019). Systems biology and Ayurveda: Vata and the concept of movement in cellular physiology. Ancient Science of Life, 38(4), 235–241.
19. Kotecha, R. (2014). Pitta Dosha and energy metabolism: An Ayurvedic insight into mitochondrial function. AYU, 35(4), 367–372.
20. Wallace, R. K. (2020). Tridosha and modern physiology: A biochemical correlation. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 18(2), 88–94.
21. Singh, R., Mishra, A., & Sethi, T. (2018). Genomic correlates of Pitta dominance: Implications in metabolic disorders. Frontiers in Systems Biology, 4(6), 77–86.
22. Valiathan, M. S. (2015). The Legacy of Charaka. Orient Blackswan.
23. Dash, B., & Sharma, R. K. (2012). Caraka Samhita: Text with English translation and critical exposition. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series Office.
24. Tripathi, B. (2017). Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha Commentary. Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan.
25. Chandola, H. M., & Tripathi, S. (2016). Kapha dosha and anabolic physiology: Clinical and molecular correlates. AYU, 37(3), 165–171.
26. Rotti, H., & Mukerji, M. (2019). Molecular basis of Prakriti and Dosha phenotypes. Frontiers in Genetics, 10(7), 125–138.
27. Tiwari, S., & Prasher, B. (2020). Systems biology and Tridosha: A transcriptomic review. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 151(6), 567–573.
28. Sethi, T. P., & Aggarwal, S. (2021). Ayurgenomics in predictive medicine: Integrating Dosha physiology with omics data. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 12(4), 645–655.
29. Hankey, A. (2015). Integrating Ayurveda and modern science: Systems homeostasis as Dosha Samya. Ancient Science of Life, 34(3), 117–123.
30. Patwardhan, B., & Gautam, M. (2020). Integrative Ayurveda: A systems biology approach. Phytomedicine, 79(4), 153–172.
31. Kshirsagar, S., & Thatte, U. (2021). Homeostasis and Tridosha equilibrium: An Ayurvedic reinterpretation. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 13(1), 34–42.
32. Charaka Samhita, Sutra Sthana 9/4, edited by P. V. Sharma (2001). Chaukhambha Orientalia.
33. Sharma, H., & Patil, R. (2023). Dosha Vaishamya and oxidative stress: Bridging Ayurveda and molecular pathology. AYU, 44(2), 155–164.
34. Mukerji, M., & Prasher, B. (2024). Future directions in Ayurgenomics: Towards molecular validation of Prakriti. Nature India Perspectives, 18(2), 110–118.
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Published
Nov 12, 2025
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How to Cite
Dr Rohan Verma, Dr Rahul Suthar, Dr. Savita Meena, & Dr. Laxman Singh. (2025). TRIDOSHA AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(10), 648-651. https://doi.org/10.53555/y12s8497
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Author Biographies
Dr Rohan Verma
Assistant Professor, Kriya Sharir Department, Shri Bhanwar Lal Dugar Ayurveda Vishva Bhartii, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan
Dr Rahul Suthar
Md scholar, PG Department of Kriya Sharir, PGIA Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Dr. Savita Meena
MD Scholar, PG Department of Kriya Sharir, PGIA, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Dr. Laxman Singh
BAMS, NIA, Jaipur, Rajasthan
How to Cite
Dr Rohan Verma, Dr Rahul Suthar, Dr. Savita Meena, & Dr. Laxman Singh. (2025). TRIDOSHA AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(10), 648-651. https://doi.org/10.53555/y12s8497