AWARENESS AND UNDERSTANDING OF NEONATAL JAUNDICE AMONG CAREGIVERS OF ADMITTED NEONATES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background:
Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) remains one of the most frequent causes of neonatal morbidity and readmission worldwide. Poor caregiver awareness and misconceptions often delay recognition and treatment, predisposing infants to preventable bilirubin neurotoxicity.

Objectives:
To assess caregivers’ awareness, understanding, and practices regarding NNJ among admitted neonates in a tertiary care hospital and to identify factors influencing knowledge levels.

Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study included 200 caregivers of admitted neonates. A pre-validated questionnaire assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to NNJ. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26. Chi-square and logistic regression identified predictors of adequate knowledge. Sample size was estimated using Yamane’s formula at a 95% confidence level.

Results: Among 200 participants (68% mothers, 32% fathers; mean age 29.8 ± 5.7 years), 86% recognized yellow discoloration as a sign of NNJ, yet only 42% identified prematurity and 38% infection as causes. Although 48% correctly cited phototherapy as the mainstay treatment, 27% still believed sunlight exposure could cure jaundice. Overall, 46.5% had good knowledge, and prior health education strongly predicted adequate awareness (AOR = 3.02; p = 0.001).

Conclusions: Moderate awareness was observed, but misconceptions persist regarding causes and management. Structured antenatal and postnatal counseling is essential to improve caregiver understanding, promote early detection, and prevent severe hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus.