EVALUATION OF CONTACT AREA ACCURACY IN FIXED PROSTHESIS AND ITS ROLE IN PREVENTING PERIODONTAL DISEASE
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Keywords
Fixed partial denture, Proximal contact, Periodontal health, Prosthodontics.
Abstract
Background: Proximal contact areas in fixed prostheses play a vital role in maintaining periodontal health by preventing food impaction, preserving gingival architecture and ensuring long-term restoration success. Inaccurate contacts may contribute to gingival inflammation and periodontal breakdown. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of contact areas in fixed prostheses and their association with periodontal health.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and beau-dent, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2021 to December 2021. A total of 120 patients who received fixed partial dentures and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, accuracy of proximal contacts and periodontal status were assessed. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine associations between contact accuracy and periodontal health.
Results: The mean age of patients was 39.8 years, with females comprising 55.8% of the study population. Accurate contact areas were observed in 68.3% of cases, while 21.7% had open contacts and 10.0% had tight or deficient contacts. Among patients with accurate contacts, 85.4% maintained a healthy periodontium, compared to only 50.0% in the tight contact group and 46.2% in the open contact group. Periodontal disease was detected in 14.6% of patients with accurate contacts versus 52.6% of those with inaccurate contacts, a difference that was statistically significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Accurate proximal contacts in fixed prostheses are strongly associated with healthier periodontal status. Proper prosthetic design and precise clinical execution are essential to minimize periodontal complications and ensure long-term success.
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Mohammadullah
Department of Prosthodontics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh