PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA AMONG PATIENTS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS WITH AND WITHOUT TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
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Keywords
Anaemia; Diabetes; Macrocytic Hypochromic; Microcytic Hypochromic.
Abstract
Background: Anaemia is a frequent complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may exacerbate anaemia severity and alter its patterns.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence and types of anaemia among CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis with and without T2DM, and to compare blood parameters between the two groups.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among patients with CKD undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Participants were stratified based on T2DM status. Socio-demographic details, ultrasonographic (USG) findings, haematological indices, and biochemical parameters were recorded and compared using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: Diabetes prevalence increased significantly with age (p<0.05). Anaemia was significantly more prevalent in CKD patients with T2DM (47.7%) than without T2DM (33.0%). Normocytic normochromic anaemia (25.0%) was the most common subtype in the T2DM group, while microcytic hypochromic anaemia was more common in non-diabetic patients. Serum creatinine, HbA1c, and fasting blood sugar were significantly higher in the T2DM group (p<0.05). Gender distribution did not significantly affect anaemia prevalence or type.
Conclusion: Anaemia is more prevalent and severe among CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis with T2DM. Early recognition and targeted management are essential to improve outcomes in this high-risk population.
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Dr Manish Singh Maravi
Department of medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.)
Dr. Sanjay Dhawale
M.D. Professor, Department of medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.)
Dr. Sandeep Kumar Kanaujiya
Assistant Professor, Department of medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.)