PREVALENCE AND IMPACT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS) ON FERTILITY AND METABOLIC HEALTH IN WOMEN.
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Keywords
PCOS, fertility, metabolic health, prevalence
Abstract
Background: the prevalent endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, and in Women especially, is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). It is hyperandrogenism, olio-anovulation, and poly-cystic ovary. PCOS is a leading cause of infertility and also it exposes individuals to the risk of metabolic complications such as insulin insensitivity, obesity, and dyslipidemia, which affect long-term health outcomes.
Objectives: to assess the incidence of PCOS among Women and the effects of the disease on fertility and metabolic health, including reproductive dysfunction and related metabolic disorders.
Study design: A cross-sectional study.
Place and duration of study: Department Of Gynae-Obs Khalifa Gulnawaz Hospital Bannu From Jan 2024 To March 2024
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 women aged 18–30 years who visited a tertiary care hospital. Participants were assessed based on the Rotterdam criteria for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Data on menstrual abnormalities, fertility, and metabolic variables were collected. Laboratory tests included fasting glucose, insulin levels, and lipid profiles. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, and mean values, standard deviations, and p-values for significant associations were calculated.
Results: A total of 100 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were studied, with an average age of 24.6 ± 3.2 years. Women with PCOS had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.002) and waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.01) compared to controls. Insulin resistance was observed in 41% of PCOS cases (p = 0.001). Menstrual abnormalities were reported in 78% of affected women, with 35% experiencing infertility (p = 0.004). Dyslipidemia was significantly more prevalent in the PCOS group (p = 0.03). These findings underscore that PCOS is a dual burden, affecting both reproductive and metabolic health in women.
Conclusion: The analysis has shown that PCOS is a widespread disease in Women and that it has serious consequences on fertility and metabolic well-being. Diagnosis and treatment in the early stages are necessary to diminish the long-term morbidity, such as infertility, insulin resistance, and risk of cardiovascular complications. Reproductive outcomes and metabolic profiles can be enhanced by lifestyle intervention in combination with medical treatment. It is suggested that high-risk populations should be screened periodically to promote early diagnosis and holistic treatment of affected women.
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Zainab Pirzada
Consultant Gynecologist Khalifa Gulnawaz Teaching Hospital MTI Bannu
Mah Rukh
Consultant Gynecologist Frontier Corps Teaching Hospital Peshawar.
Fozia Amin
Consultant Gynecologist Khalifa Gulnawaz Teaching Hospital MTI Bannu
Asma Qadir
Consultant Gynecologist Type D Hospital Latamber Karak