“SERUM LIPIDS AND ELECTROLYTES: A STUDY OF ASSOCIATION IN TYPE-2 DIABETICS OF UTTAR PRADESH”
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Keywords
T2DM, Serum Electrolytes, Sodium, Dyslipidemia, LDL-C, Hyponatremia, Cardiovascular Risk
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is frequently accompanied by dyslipidemia and disturbances in electrolyte balance, both of which contribute to increased cardiovascular risk. While lipid metabolism may be linked to electrolyte abnormalities, these relationships have not been adequately explored in the Indian population, particularly with region-specific cohorts.
Objective: To evaluate the association between serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride) and lipid profile parameters in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 128 individuals from the same age bracket (35–65 years). Laboratory tests were performed for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C), sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), and chloride (Cl⁻). Group data was compared using the independent sample t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for the correlation analysis.
Results: A high prevalence of dyslipidemia was observed, with 81.25% of patients having elevated triglycerides, 53.2% having elevated total cholesterol, 64.8% having high LDL-C, and 50.8% having low HDL-C levels. With 59.4% of the subjects having hyponatremia, the mean serum sodium level was significantly lower in the study group (p < 0.001) than the Biological Reference Interval for the general population. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between serum sodium levels and LDL-C levels (p = 0.036), suggesting that hyponatremia may be associated with dyslipidemia. Serum chloride and potassium levels did not exhibit a significant correlation with lipid parameters.
Conclusion: This study highlights the co-occurrence of electrolyte and lipid abnormalities in T2DM patients, with a notable association between hyponatremia and elevated LDL-C levels.
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Vaibhav Kamboj
MSc Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P), India
Dr. Arkajit Dasgupta
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P), India
Dr. Jigar Haria
Professor, Department of Medicine, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P), India
Dr. Pothu Usha Kiran
Professor & Head, Department of Biochemistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P), India