THE IMPACT OF ENDOCRINOLOGY ON GYNECOLOGIC CANCER PROGRESSION: HORMONAL INFLUENCES ON TUMOR GROWTH
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Keywords
Gynecologic cancer, Estrogen, IGF-1, Progesterone, Hormone therapy
Abstract
Endocrine hormones strongly affect gynecologic cancers because they control tumor progression as well as metastasis and therapeutic response. This study investigates the impact of estrogen, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and other hormonal factors on tumor behavior in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers. The project adopted a dual strategy that combined retrospective evaluation of patient data with laboratory tests and animal studies to measure hormonal effects on the multiplication and penetrative capacity of tumors and apoptotic processes. Clinical data revealed that higher estrogen and IGF-1 levels existed in connection with more progressed tumors, which generated unfavorable survival rates, whereas progesterone acted as a tumor-controlling agent that limited tumor proliferation and boosted cell apoptosis. The experimental data validated these patterns by demonstrating that cancer cells experienced increased proliferation and invasion and decreased apoptosis under estrogen and IGF-1 treatment. The data showed that progesterone treatment decreased cancer cell invasion while simultaneously promoting cell death, which indicates its potential value as a therapeutic agent. The effects of thyroid hormones and androgens on cancer development were inconsistent, which demonstrates complex hormonal mechanisms in tumor biology. The research demonstrates the necessity for hormone-based treatments such as selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors and IGF-1 inhibitors to develop potential therapeutic options for gynecologic malignancies. Future investigations need to develop individualized endocrine treatment strategies that will enhance treatment results for patients.
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Deepmala Paul
MSC nursing, Obstetrics and Gynaecology nursing & Tutor, Govt. College of Nursing GRMC, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India