IMPACT OF INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND TREATMENT-RELATED COMPLICATIONS IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS (15–39 YEARS): A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS

Abstract

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer face unique challenges, including the impact of intensive chemotherapy on nutritional status. This study evaluates the effects of induction chemotherapy on nutritional parameters and associated complications in AYA patients with hematologic malignancies and Ewing sarcoma, comparing findings with international cohorts.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 38 AYA patients (15–39 years) diagnosed with B-cell ALL, T-cell ALL, AML, and Ewing sarcoma. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed at diagnosis, post-induction, and six months post-therapy.

Results: Induction chemotherapy led to a significant decline in nutritional parameters across all cancer subtypes. The AML cohort exhibited the most pronounced deterioration. Patients showed marked reductions in weight, BMI, mid-arm circumference, and serum albumin after induction chemotherapy. Complication rates were higher in patients with greater nutritional declines, particularly in the AML group.

Conclusion: Induction chemotherapy in AYA patients leads to significant nutritional decline, especially in AML cases, which correlates with increased treatment-related complications. Early nutritional assessment and intervention should be integral to treatment protocols.