PATTERN OF CUTANEOUS ADVERSE DRUG REACTION IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL TRICHY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR), fixed drug eruption, Naranjo Algorithm.
Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization defines an adverse drug reaction as unintentional, harmful, undesirable impact of a medicine that occurs at dosages utilized in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis and therapy. Dermatological signs of adverse drug reactions are more prevalent, and the pattern of cutaneous reactions varies across different medications. Therefore, comprehending the specific characteristics of drug reactions may assist in pinpointing the culpable medication. The main aim of this study is to determine clinical pattern of various CADR’s in general population
Methods
Twelve patients who experienced CADRs were the subjects of a descriptive study. Patient demographics, suspected medications, clinical presentation of CADRs, administration route, and causality evaluation were all gathered. The likelihood of drug causation was assessed using the WHO-UMC criteria and the Naranjo Algorithm.
Results
The median age of the patients was 37 years (IQR: 20), with a mean age of 38.33 ± 13.29 years (range: 18–64 years). Of the cases, 58.3% (n=7) of the patients were male, and 41.7% (n=5) were female. Maculopapular rash accounted for 25% of CADR cases, with fluid-filled skin lesions and pruritus following at 16.7% each. Injectable ciprofloxacin (8.3%), injectable cotrimoxazole (8.3%), and injectable penicillin (16.7%) were the medications most commonly linked to CADRs. Oral drugs like ibuprofen, cefixime, paracetamol, and doxycycline were also linked. One patient's Naranjo score was 7, while the others' scores were 6, indicating that all of the reactions were "probable." According to WHO-UMC criteria, all 12 cases were classified as "likely."
Conclusion
ADRs should be identified promptly, and future use should be done with caution. Therefore, it is essential to promote awareness among reporting physicians regarding the necessity of documenting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) through regular sensitization programs on pharmaco-vigilance, which will motivate healthcare professionals to report adverse reactions associated with pharmaceuticals, vaccines, medical devices, and biological products.
References
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Dr. Rajalakshmi T
Postgraduate, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Trichy SRM Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.
Gnanasekaran R
Professor & HOD, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Trichy SRM Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.
Dr. Ann Jenita J
Postgraduate, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Trichy SRM Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.
Dr. Dharshini S
Assistant Professor, Department of DVL, Trichy SRM Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.