EVALUATION AND MONITORING OF BLOOD GLUCOSE AMONG PRE-DIABETIC ON STAPLE DIET SORGHUM (JAWAR) IN COAL CAPITAL OF INDIA, DHANBAD
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Keywords
Pre-Diabetes, Sorghum (Jowar), Blood Glucose Monitoring, Fasting Blood Glucose, PPBG (Post-Prandial Blood Glucose), Dietary Intervention, Glycaemic Index, PPAR-γ Activation, Insulin Sensitivity, Millets and Diabetes, Functional Foods, Nutritional Therapy.
Abstract
Background: The number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is predicted to increase from 463 million in 2019 to 700 million by 2045, making it a serious global health concern. High-glycaemic diets based on refined cereals are associated with an increasing prevalence in India. Glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity may be enhanced by sorghum (jowar), a low-glycaemic, nutrient-dense millet high in bioactive compounds. In many areas, including Dhanbad, Jharkhand, its dietary use is still restricted in spite of this.
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess and track how a staple diet high in sorghum (jowar) affects blood glucose levels in pre-diabetic people in Dhanbad, India's coal capital. In a region-specific setting, the study aims to ascertain whether regular sorghum consumption can support dietary interventions as a preventive strategy for pre-diabetes, delay the onset of diabetes, and contribute to glycaemic control.
Methodology: Two hundred pre-diabetic people in Dhanbad, aged 35 to 55, participated in this three-month study (August–October 2024). Jowar roti was served for dinner instead of rice or wheat for participants with FBG levels between 111 and 125 mg/dL and PPBG levels between 140 and 199 mg/dL. A fully autoanalyser was used to measure blood glucose once a month using the GOD-POD method.
Result: The mean PPBG dropped from 171.28 to 152.34 mg/dL and the mean FBG dropped from 117.88 to 111.84 mg/dL. Both parameters improved significantly (>10 mg/dL) in more than 85% of cases.
Conclusion: Pre-diabetics' glycaemic levels were improved by consuming jowar roti on a daily basis. A useful and culturally appropriate dietary strategy to help prevent Type 2 diabetes is sorghum.
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Dr. Mahto Hemanti Raghu
Tutor, Department of Biochemistry, Shahid Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMC) Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India.Dr. Neelam Agrawal
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Shahid Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMC) Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India.