COMPARISON BETWEEN DEXAMETHASONE AND DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS AN ADJUVANT IN TRANSVERSE ABDOMINAL PLANE (TAP) BLOCK FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS OF CAESAREAN SECTION
Main Article Content
Keywords
TAP, Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine, VAS score.
Abstract
Background: Patients usually suffer from significant pain after caesarean section, with the major source of pain being the anterior abdominal wall and the abdominal viscera. [1] These patients require a multimodal postoperative treatment regimen that provides high-quality analgesia with minimal side effects. The Transversus
Abdominis Plane (TAP) block is a regional anaesthesia technique that targets the sensory nerve supply of the antero-lateral abdominal wall and has been proven as an effective method to reduce postoperative pain and analgesic consumption for caesarean section surgeries in various clinical trials. [2,3] Various adjuvant has been used to intensify the quality and prolong the local anaesthetic effect. [4,5]
Objective:
- To compare Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to local anaesthetic in TAP Block for postoperative analgesia in patients with caesarean section.
- To assess the time for the first request of analgesia
Methodology: The study was a Randomised Control Trial done in the Department of Anaesthesiology and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Government Medical College and Hospital, Akola. The study was performed over a time period of 16 months (October 2022 to February 2024). The total sample size taken was 100 (50 in each group) with the help of Randomisation (lottery method). Group A received a total of 40 mL of Inj Bupivacaine hydrochloride 0.25% + 2 mL Dexamethasone (8 mg). Group B received a total of 40 ml of Inj Bupivacaine hydrochloride 0.25% + 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine (Max Bupivacaine dose- 2mg/kg in both cases). The total dose was divided into two parts to be given on each side, equally.
Result: The study found that Dexmedetomidine was more effective when compared to Dexamethasone in providing better outcomes in terms of VAS scores and duration of the analgesia. The mean time of request for first analgesia in the Dexmedetomidine group was significantly greater (19.66 hrs) than in the Dexamethasone group (12.10 hrs).
Conclusion: Overall, the study proved that Dexmedetomidine was more effective when compared to Dexamethasone when added as an adjuvant with better outcomes in VAS scores and duration of the analgesia.
References
1. Hussen I, Worku M, Geleta D, Mohamed AA, Abebe M, Molla W, Wudneh A, Temesgen T, Figa Z, Tadesse M. Post-operative pain and associated factors after cesarean section at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Aug 9;81:104321
2. Tsai HC, Yoshida T, Chuang TY, Yang SF, Chang CC, Yao HY, Tai YT, Lin JA, Chen KY. Transversus Abdominis Plane Block: An Updated Review of Anatomy and Techniques. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:8284363.
3. Mukhtar K, Singh S. Transversus abdominis plane block for laparoscopic surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2009;102(1):143-144. doi:10.1093/bja/aen338
4. Swain A, Nag DS, Sahu S, Samaddar DP. Adjuvants to local anesthetics: Current understanding and future trends. World J Clin Cases. 2017 Aug 16;5(8):307-323.
5. Brummett CM, Williams BA. Additives to local anesthetics for peripheral nerve blockade. IntAnesthesiolClin. 2011 Fall;49(4):104-16.
6. Deshpande JP, Ghodki PS, Sardesai SP. The Analgesic Efficacy of Dexamethasone Added to Ropivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Transabdominal Hysterectomy under Subarachnoid Block. Anesth Essays Res. 2017 Apr- Jun;11(2):499-502.
7. Sun Q, Liu S, Wu H, Ma H, Liu W, Fang M, Liu K, Pan Z. Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetics in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin J Pain. 2019 Apr;35(4):375-384.
8. Li R, Qi F, Zhang J, Ji Y, Zhang D, Shen Z, Lei W. Antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine via spinal substance P and CGRP. TranslNeurosci. 2015 Dec 16;6(1):259-264.
9. Pivovarov AS, Calahorro F, Walker RJ. Na+/K+-pump and neurotransmitter membrane receptors. Invert Neurosci. 2018 Nov 28;19(1):1.
10. Mavarez AC, Hendrix JM, Hendrix JM, Ahmed AA. Transabdominal Plane Block. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2023. PMID: 32809362.
11. Shafiei FT, McAllister RK, Lopez J. Bupivacaine. [Updated 2023 Aug 17].In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532883
12. Johnson DB, Lopez MJ, Kelley B. Dexamethasone. [Updated 2023 May 2]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482130/
13. Ralph Gertler, H. Cleighton Brown, Donald H. Mitchell & Erin N. Silvius (2001) Dexmedetomidine: A Novel Sedative-Analgesic Agent, Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 14:1, 13-21.
14. Sinha J, Pokhriyal AS, Asthana V, Nautiyal R. Dexmedetomidine vs Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Total Abdominal Hysterectomies. Anesth Pain Med. 2023 Dec 10;13(6):e142059.
15. Mehul T Suratwala, Sonali A Joshi. Comparison of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as adjuvants for TAP block for postoperative analgesia after abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia. MedPulse International Journal of Anesthesiology. March 2022; 21(3):162-166.
16. Thakur J, Gupta B, Gupta A, Verma RK, Verma A, Shah P. A prospective randomized study to compare dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as an adjunct to bupivacaine in transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative analgesia in caesarean delivery. Int J ReprodContraceptObstetGynecol 2019;8:4903-8.
17. Singla N, Garg K, Jain R, Malhotra A, Singh MR, Grewal A. Analgesic efficacy of dexamethasone versus dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ultrasound- guided transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative pain relief in caesarean section: A prospective randomised controlled study. Indian J Anaesth. 2021 Sep;65(Suppl 3):S121-S126.
18. Sobhy YS, Gadalla RR, Nofal WH, Saleh MAE, Abdou KM. A comparative study between the use of dexmedetomidine vs dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):681–688.
19. Jakobsson J, Wickerts L, Forsberg S, Ledin G. Transversus abdominal plane (TAP) block for postoperative pain management: a review. F1000Res. 2015 Nov 26;4:F1000 Faculty Rev-1359.
20. Baeriswyl, Moira MDa; Zeiter, Frank BSca; Piubellini, Denis BSca; Kirkham, Kyle Robert MDb; Albrecht, Eric MDa,*. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block versus epidural analgesia: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Medicine 97(26):p e11261, June 2018.
21. Ammar AS, Mahmoud KM. Effect of adding dexamethasone to bupivacaine on transversus abdominis plane block for abdominal hysterectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Saudi J Anaesth. 2012 Jul;6(3):229-33.
22. Joseph B, Zachariah SK, Abraham SP. The comparison of effects of fentanyl and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia -A randomized controlled trial. J AnaesthesiolClinPharmacol. 2020 Jul- Sep;36(3):377-380.
23. Neethi Mohan, V., Shirisha, P., Vaidyanathan, G. et al. Variations in the prevalence of caesarean section deliveries in India between 2016 and 2021 – an analysis of Tamil Nadu and Chhattisgarh. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 23, 622 (2023).
24. Hussen I, Worku M, Geleta D, Mahamed AA, Abebe M, Molla W, Wudneh A, Temesgen T, Figa Z, Tadesse M. Post-operative pain and associated factors after cesarean section at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Aug 9;81:104321.
25. Bansal P, Sood D. Effect of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block for post- operative pain relief in cesarean section. J ObstetAnaesthCrit Care. 2018;8:79–82.
26. Yan, Zr., Chen, Lj., Zhang, Sj. et al. The transversus abdominis plane block in conjunction with intrathecal morphine use after cesarean section in women with severe pre-eclampsia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 23, 100 (2023).
27. Mankikar MG, Sardesai SP, Ghodki PS. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing caesarean section. Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Apr;60(4):253-7.
28. Srivastava U, Verma S, Singh TK, Gupta A, Saxsena A, Jagar KD, Gupta M. Efficacy of trans abdominis plane block for post cesarean delivery analgesia: A double-blind, randomized trial. Saudi J Anaesth. 2015 Jul-Sep;9(3):298-302
29. El Sharnouby NM, El Gendy HA. Ultrasound-guided single injection transversus abdominis plane block of isobaric bupivacaine with or without dexamethasone for bariatric patients undergoing laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty: A comparative study of different doses. Ain Shams J Anaesthesiol. 2015;8:194–9.
30. Xue Y, Yuan H. Effects of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in transversus abdominis plane block during gynaecological laparoscopy. ExpTher Med. 2018;16:1131–6.
31. Fusco P, Scimia P, Paladini G, Fiorenzi M, Petrucci, Pozone T, et al. Transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia after Cesarean delivery. A systematic review. Minerva Anestesiol. 2015;81(2):195-204.
32. Almarakbi WA, Kaki AM. Addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in transversus abdominis plane block potentiates post-operative pain relief among abdominal hysterectomy patients: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Saudi J Anaesth. 2014;8(2):161-6.
33. V Rao Yarramsetti et al., Analgesic Efficacy of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to 2% Lignocaine Adrenaline and 0.5% Bupivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block after Caesarean Delivery. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2022 Jun, Vol-16(6): UC72-UC75
34. Salama ER. Post-operative bilateral continuous ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block versus continuous local anaesthetic wound infusion in patients undergoing abdominoplasty. Indian J Anaesth. 2018;62:449–54.
35. McCormack K. The spinal actions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the dissociation between their anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Drugs. 1994;47:28–45.
36. Ahlgren SC, Wang JF, Levine JD. C-fiber mechanical stimulus-response functions are different in inflammatory versus neuropathic hyperalgesia in the rat. Neuroscience. 1997;76:285–90
37. Sivakumar RK, Pannerselvam S, Cheian, Rudingwa P, Menin J. Perineuralvs.intravenous dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided fascia iliaca compartment block for femur surgeries: A randomized control trial. Indian J Anaesth. 2018;62:851–7.
38. Zhang P, Liu S, Zhu J, Rao Z, Liu C. Dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to local anesthetic mixture in intercostal nerve block for thoracoscopicpneumonectomy: A prospective randomized study. RegAnesth Pain Med. 2019 rapm-2018
39. RamyaParameswari A, Udayakumar P. Comparison of Efficacy of Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine Versus Bupivacaine Alone for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Post-operative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section. J ObstetGynaecol India. 2018 Apr;68(2):98-103.
40. Lee MJ, Koo DJ, Choi YS, Lee KC, Kim HY. Dexamethasone or dexmedetomidine as local anesthetic adjuvants for ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus blocks with nerve stimulation. The Korean journal of pain. 2016 Jan 1;29(1):29-33.
41. Qian, H., Zhang, Q., Zhu, P., Zhang, X., Tian, L., Feng, J., Wu, Y., Zhao, Z., Luan, H.”Ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block using ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing caesarian sections to relieve post operative analgesia: A randomized controlled clinical trial”. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.2 (2020): 1163-1168.
2. Tsai HC, Yoshida T, Chuang TY, Yang SF, Chang CC, Yao HY, Tai YT, Lin JA, Chen KY. Transversus Abdominis Plane Block: An Updated Review of Anatomy and Techniques. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:8284363.
3. Mukhtar K, Singh S. Transversus abdominis plane block for laparoscopic surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2009;102(1):143-144. doi:10.1093/bja/aen338
4. Swain A, Nag DS, Sahu S, Samaddar DP. Adjuvants to local anesthetics: Current understanding and future trends. World J Clin Cases. 2017 Aug 16;5(8):307-323.
5. Brummett CM, Williams BA. Additives to local anesthetics for peripheral nerve blockade. IntAnesthesiolClin. 2011 Fall;49(4):104-16.
6. Deshpande JP, Ghodki PS, Sardesai SP. The Analgesic Efficacy of Dexamethasone Added to Ropivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Transabdominal Hysterectomy under Subarachnoid Block. Anesth Essays Res. 2017 Apr- Jun;11(2):499-502.
7. Sun Q, Liu S, Wu H, Ma H, Liu W, Fang M, Liu K, Pan Z. Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetics in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin J Pain. 2019 Apr;35(4):375-384.
8. Li R, Qi F, Zhang J, Ji Y, Zhang D, Shen Z, Lei W. Antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine via spinal substance P and CGRP. TranslNeurosci. 2015 Dec 16;6(1):259-264.
9. Pivovarov AS, Calahorro F, Walker RJ. Na+/K+-pump and neurotransmitter membrane receptors. Invert Neurosci. 2018 Nov 28;19(1):1.
10. Mavarez AC, Hendrix JM, Hendrix JM, Ahmed AA. Transabdominal Plane Block. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2023. PMID: 32809362.
11. Shafiei FT, McAllister RK, Lopez J. Bupivacaine. [Updated 2023 Aug 17].In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532883
12. Johnson DB, Lopez MJ, Kelley B. Dexamethasone. [Updated 2023 May 2]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482130/
13. Ralph Gertler, H. Cleighton Brown, Donald H. Mitchell & Erin N. Silvius (2001) Dexmedetomidine: A Novel Sedative-Analgesic Agent, Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 14:1, 13-21.
14. Sinha J, Pokhriyal AS, Asthana V, Nautiyal R. Dexmedetomidine vs Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Total Abdominal Hysterectomies. Anesth Pain Med. 2023 Dec 10;13(6):e142059.
15. Mehul T Suratwala, Sonali A Joshi. Comparison of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as adjuvants for TAP block for postoperative analgesia after abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia. MedPulse International Journal of Anesthesiology. March 2022; 21(3):162-166.
16. Thakur J, Gupta B, Gupta A, Verma RK, Verma A, Shah P. A prospective randomized study to compare dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as an adjunct to bupivacaine in transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative analgesia in caesarean delivery. Int J ReprodContraceptObstetGynecol 2019;8:4903-8.
17. Singla N, Garg K, Jain R, Malhotra A, Singh MR, Grewal A. Analgesic efficacy of dexamethasone versus dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ultrasound- guided transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative pain relief in caesarean section: A prospective randomised controlled study. Indian J Anaesth. 2021 Sep;65(Suppl 3):S121-S126.
18. Sobhy YS, Gadalla RR, Nofal WH, Saleh MAE, Abdou KM. A comparative study between the use of dexmedetomidine vs dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):681–688.
19. Jakobsson J, Wickerts L, Forsberg S, Ledin G. Transversus abdominal plane (TAP) block for postoperative pain management: a review. F1000Res. 2015 Nov 26;4:F1000 Faculty Rev-1359.
20. Baeriswyl, Moira MDa; Zeiter, Frank BSca; Piubellini, Denis BSca; Kirkham, Kyle Robert MDb; Albrecht, Eric MDa,*. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block versus epidural analgesia: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Medicine 97(26):p e11261, June 2018.
21. Ammar AS, Mahmoud KM. Effect of adding dexamethasone to bupivacaine on transversus abdominis plane block for abdominal hysterectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Saudi J Anaesth. 2012 Jul;6(3):229-33.
22. Joseph B, Zachariah SK, Abraham SP. The comparison of effects of fentanyl and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia -A randomized controlled trial. J AnaesthesiolClinPharmacol. 2020 Jul- Sep;36(3):377-380.
23. Neethi Mohan, V., Shirisha, P., Vaidyanathan, G. et al. Variations in the prevalence of caesarean section deliveries in India between 2016 and 2021 – an analysis of Tamil Nadu and Chhattisgarh. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 23, 622 (2023).
24. Hussen I, Worku M, Geleta D, Mahamed AA, Abebe M, Molla W, Wudneh A, Temesgen T, Figa Z, Tadesse M. Post-operative pain and associated factors after cesarean section at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Aug 9;81:104321.
25. Bansal P, Sood D. Effect of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block for post- operative pain relief in cesarean section. J ObstetAnaesthCrit Care. 2018;8:79–82.
26. Yan, Zr., Chen, Lj., Zhang, Sj. et al. The transversus abdominis plane block in conjunction with intrathecal morphine use after cesarean section in women with severe pre-eclampsia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 23, 100 (2023).
27. Mankikar MG, Sardesai SP, Ghodki PS. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing caesarean section. Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Apr;60(4):253-7.
28. Srivastava U, Verma S, Singh TK, Gupta A, Saxsena A, Jagar KD, Gupta M. Efficacy of trans abdominis plane block for post cesarean delivery analgesia: A double-blind, randomized trial. Saudi J Anaesth. 2015 Jul-Sep;9(3):298-302
29. El Sharnouby NM, El Gendy HA. Ultrasound-guided single injection transversus abdominis plane block of isobaric bupivacaine with or without dexamethasone for bariatric patients undergoing laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty: A comparative study of different doses. Ain Shams J Anaesthesiol. 2015;8:194–9.
30. Xue Y, Yuan H. Effects of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in transversus abdominis plane block during gynaecological laparoscopy. ExpTher Med. 2018;16:1131–6.
31. Fusco P, Scimia P, Paladini G, Fiorenzi M, Petrucci, Pozone T, et al. Transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia after Cesarean delivery. A systematic review. Minerva Anestesiol. 2015;81(2):195-204.
32. Almarakbi WA, Kaki AM. Addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in transversus abdominis plane block potentiates post-operative pain relief among abdominal hysterectomy patients: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Saudi J Anaesth. 2014;8(2):161-6.
33. V Rao Yarramsetti et al., Analgesic Efficacy of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to 2% Lignocaine Adrenaline and 0.5% Bupivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block after Caesarean Delivery. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2022 Jun, Vol-16(6): UC72-UC75
34. Salama ER. Post-operative bilateral continuous ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block versus continuous local anaesthetic wound infusion in patients undergoing abdominoplasty. Indian J Anaesth. 2018;62:449–54.
35. McCormack K. The spinal actions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the dissociation between their anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Drugs. 1994;47:28–45.
36. Ahlgren SC, Wang JF, Levine JD. C-fiber mechanical stimulus-response functions are different in inflammatory versus neuropathic hyperalgesia in the rat. Neuroscience. 1997;76:285–90
37. Sivakumar RK, Pannerselvam S, Cheian, Rudingwa P, Menin J. Perineuralvs.intravenous dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided fascia iliaca compartment block for femur surgeries: A randomized control trial. Indian J Anaesth. 2018;62:851–7.
38. Zhang P, Liu S, Zhu J, Rao Z, Liu C. Dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to local anesthetic mixture in intercostal nerve block for thoracoscopicpneumonectomy: A prospective randomized study. RegAnesth Pain Med. 2019 rapm-2018
39. RamyaParameswari A, Udayakumar P. Comparison of Efficacy of Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine Versus Bupivacaine Alone for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Post-operative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section. J ObstetGynaecol India. 2018 Apr;68(2):98-103.
40. Lee MJ, Koo DJ, Choi YS, Lee KC, Kim HY. Dexamethasone or dexmedetomidine as local anesthetic adjuvants for ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus blocks with nerve stimulation. The Korean journal of pain. 2016 Jan 1;29(1):29-33.
41. Qian, H., Zhang, Q., Zhu, P., Zhang, X., Tian, L., Feng, J., Wu, Y., Zhao, Z., Luan, H.”Ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block using ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing caesarian sections to relieve post operative analgesia: A randomized controlled clinical trial”. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.2 (2020): 1163-1168.
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May 19, 2025
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Dr. Aishwarya Singh Solanki, Dr. Madhura Katdare, Dr. Madhuri Tayade, Dr. Augustine Vinod Thomas, & Dr. Durai Henry. (2025). COMPARISON BETWEEN DEXAMETHASONE AND DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS AN ADJUVANT IN TRANSVERSE ABDOMINAL PLANE (TAP) BLOCK FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS OF CAESAREAN SECTION. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(4), 488-501. https://doi.org/10.53555/44zct388
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Author Biographies
Dr. Aishwarya Singh Solanki
(Post Graduate Student, Department of Anaesthesia, GMC Akola)
Dr. Madhura Katdare
(Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, GMC Akola)
Dr. Madhuri Tayade
(Senior Resident, Department of Anaesthesia, GMC Jalgaon)
Dr. Augustine Vinod Thomas
(Senior Resident, Department of Pharmacology, GMC Akola)
Dr. Durai Henry
(Post Graduate Student, Department of Anaesthesia, GMC Akola)
How to Cite
Dr. Aishwarya Singh Solanki, Dr. Madhura Katdare, Dr. Madhuri Tayade, Dr. Augustine Vinod Thomas, & Dr. Durai Henry. (2025). COMPARISON BETWEEN DEXAMETHASONE AND DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS AN ADJUVANT IN TRANSVERSE ABDOMINAL PLANE (TAP) BLOCK FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS OF CAESAREAN SECTION. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(4), 488-501. https://doi.org/10.53555/44zct388