PREDICTORS AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION AMONG PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY EMERGENCY
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Keywords
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Cardiac arrest; Acute myocardial infarction; Respiratory emergencies; Defibrillation; Shockable rhythm
Abstract
Background: Cardiopulmonary arrest resulting from acute cardiovascular and respiratory emergencies is associated with high mortality despite advances in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Identifying factors associated with successful resuscitation and survival is essential for improving patient outcomes.
Objectives: To determine the predictors of successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation and evaluate the clinical outcomes among patients with acute cardiovascular and respiratory emergencies.
Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted among 200 adult patients who underwent CPR following acute cardiovascular or respiratory emergencies at a tertiary care hospital. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, causes of arrest, CPR-related variables and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to hospital discharge.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 46 ± 14.2 years, and 62.0% were male. Hypertension (68.0%) and diabetes mellitus (50.5%) were the most common comorbidities, while acute myocardial infarction (35.0%) was the leading cause of cardiopulmonary arrest. ROSC was achieved in 52.5% of patients, 26.5% survived to hospital discharge, and 19.0% had favorable neurological outcomes. Younger age, witnessed arrest, shockable rhythm, CPR duration of less than 20 minutes, defibrillation and acute myocardial infarction were significant independent predictors of successful ROSC. Successful ROSC, shockable rhythm, shorter CPR duration and younger age independently predicted survival to hospital discharge.
Conclusion: Successful CPR outcomes were strongly influenced by patient age, arrest characteristics, initial cardiac rhythm and duration of resuscitation. Early recognition of cardiac arrest, prompt initiation of high-quality CPR, timely defibrillation and comprehensive post-resuscitation care are critical for improving survival and neurological outcomes among patients with acute cardiovascular and respiratory emergencies.
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Syed Kashif Rizvi
Clinical Perfusionist, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research center, Saudi Arabia.
Sonia Khan
Associate professor ,Islam medical & Dental college.
Abdullah
Surveillance officer, Liyari , DHO south.
Muzamil Ahmed
Third year MBBS student, Al tibri medical college.
Marleen Khilji
Medical officer, Asian institute of medical sciences, Hyderabad, Pakistan.
Nousheen Gul
House officer, Al tibri medical college and hospital.
Malnika
Medical officer, District health quarter hospital , kharan.
Muhammad Asad Nadeem
Fourth year MBBS student, Al Tibri Medical College.
Maheer
Fourth year MBBS student, Al Tibri Medical College.
Misha Fatima
Second year Pre medical student, Karachi Pakistan.
