TO ASSESS THE INFLAMMATORY (CRP) AND OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS (PROTEIN CARBONYL, AND MALONALDEHYDE) IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY.
Main Article Content
Keywords
COPD, CRP, Protein Carbonyl, malonaldehyde, etc.
Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation and is strongly influenced by systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Aim: This study aimed to assess inflammatory (C-reactive protein, CRP) and oxidative stress markers (protein carbonyl and malonaldehyde) in COPD patients compared to healthy controls, and to evaluate their association with disease severity.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted including 100 COPD patients and 100 age- and sex-matched controls. Demographic variables such as age, gender, and locality were comparable between groups. Smoking and biomass exposure were significantly higher among cases. Serum CRP, protein carbonyl, and malonaldehyde levels were measured, and COPD severity was classified according to GOLD stages using spirometric indices (FEV1/FVC ratio).
Results: Mean CRP levels were significantly elevated in COPD cases (4.62 ± 1.33) compared to controls (1.49 ± 0.36; p < 0.001), indicating systemic inflammation. Protein carbonyl concentrations were higher in cases (9.65 ± 1.43) versus controls (6.24 ± 0.64; p < 0.001), reflecting oxidative protein damage. Malonaldehyde levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation, were also significantly increased in cases (10.02 ± 1.37) compared to controls (6.82 ± 0.32; p < 0.001). Within COPD cases, biomarker levels rose progressively across GOLD stages, with CRP increasing from 3.70 ± 0.73 in mild to 6.64 ± 1.03 in severe disease, protein carbonyl from 8.69 ± 0.74 to 11.87 ± 1.26, and malonaldehyde from 9.10 ± 0.73 to 12.14 ± 1.20 (all p < 0.001). Declining FEV1/FVC ratios paralleled these changes
Conclusion: Our study showed that oxidative stress marker (MDA and protein carbonyl) and inflammatory biomarker (CRP) levels were significantly higher while levels in our North Indian COPD population in comparison to healthy controls. These biomarkers correlate with disease severity and may serve as useful indicators for monitoring progression and guiding therapeutic strategies.
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Dr. Md Shamim Ahmad
Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Shri Ramkrishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Durgapur. Email id: [email protected]
Dr. Manish Kumar
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Gouri Devi Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Durgapur. Email id: [email protected]
Dr. Mohmmad Imran
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, United Institute of Medical Sciences, Prayagraj. Emai id: [email protected]
